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耶若伏吉耶

相传 约公元前800—前720年年

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

你最内在的自我与一切实在的根基合一——而这个自我无法描述，只能通过说出它不是什么来加以指示。

定位

南亚与藏传哲学 · 形而上学, 宗教, 存在与自我

《奥义书》中的圣贤：最内在的自我（阿特曼）与世界的根基（梵）是同一的。

核心思想

  • 阿特曼即梵
  • “非此，非此”（neti neti）

老师: 乌达罗迦·阿卢尼

学生: 弥呾丽夷

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影响

受影响于 1

  • 乌达罗迦·阿卢尼 师从

    师从 后世传述 ✓

    Known only from the Upanishadic tradition: a lineage of teachers in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (6.3.7) makes Yajnavalkya Uddalaka’s pupil, while in 3.7 the two meet as rivals in debate; outside these texts nothing is known of either. Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad 6.3.7, 3.7, tr. P. Olivelle, Upaniṣads, 1996

    依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata

    乌达罗迦·阿卢尼 › 相传 约公元前830—前760年年

影响了 7

  • 弥呾丽夷 教过

    教过 后世传述

    Known only from the Upanishadic narrative: in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (2.4, 4.5) Yajnavalkya instructs his wife Maitreyi on the self before he leaves home; outside these texts nothing is known of either. Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad 2.4, 4.5, tr. P. Olivelle, Upaniṣads, 1996

    依据: AI 草稿

    弥呾丽夷 › 相传 约公元前780—前700年年

  • 商羯罗

    影响了

    Shankara’s longest Upanishad commentary is on the Brihadaranyaka, where he read Yajnavalkya’s ‘not this, not this’ (neti neti) as pointing to the attributeless Brahman. Shankara, Brihadaranyakopanishad-bhashya, tr. Swami Madhavananda (1934); Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, tr. P. Olivelle, Upanisads (1996)

    依据: AI 草稿

    商羯罗 › 约700–750年 · 通行断代 788–820

  • 罗摩奴阇

    影响了

    Ramanuja based his view of the world and selves as the body of God on Yajnavalkya’s teaching of the inner controller (antaryamin) in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad. Ramanuja, Vedarthasangraha; Sribhashya; J. B. Carman, The Theology of Ramanuja (1974); J. J. Lipner, The Face of Truth (1986)

    依据: AI 草稿

    罗摩奴阇 › 约1077–1157年 · 相传 1017–1137

  • 摩陀婆

    影响了

    Madhva commented on the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, which preserves Yajnavalkya’s teaching, among the ten principal Upanishads, and read it in support of a real difference between God and selves. Madhva, Brihadaranyakopanishad-bhashya; B. N. K. Sharma, History of the Dvaita School of Vedanta and Its Literature (1960)

    依据: AI 草稿

    摩陀婆 › 约1238–1317年

  • 亚瑟·叔本华

    影响了

    The link runs through the Upanishads: Schopenhauer read the Oupnek’hat (1801–02), which includes Yajnavalkya’s teachings from the Brihadaranyaka, and called it the consolation of his life (Parerga, 1851). A. Schopenhauer, Parerga und Paralipomena II (1851); A. H. Anquetil-Duperron, Oupnek’hat (1801–02); U. App, Schopenhauer’s Compass (2014)

    依据: AI 草稿

    亚瑟·叔本华 › 1788–1860

  • 罗宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔

    影响了

    The link runs through the Upanishads, in which Yajnavalkya’s teaching is preserved: Tagore, raised with them in daily family worship, built his lectures Sadhana (1913) on them. R. Tagore, Sadhana: The Realisation of Life (1913), preface

    依据: AI 草稿

    罗宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔 › 1861–1941

  • 室利·阿罗频多

    影响了

    The link runs through the Upanishads, in which Yajnavalkya’s teaching is preserved: Aurobindo read them as a philosophy of the One becoming the world (The Life Divine, 1939–40). Sri Aurobindo, The Life Divine (1939–40); Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, tr. P. Olivelle, Upanisads (1996)

    依据: AI 草稿

    室利·阿罗频多 › 1872–1950

批评

受批评于 1

  • 伽吉·瓦恰克纳维

    受其批评

    In the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad Gargi challenges Yajnavalkya at Janaka’s court on what the world is woven upon; he answers with the imperishable (akshara), and she declares him unbeaten. Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad 3.6, 3.8 (3.8.12), tr. P. Olivelle, Upaniṣads, 1996

    依据: AI 草稿

    伽吉·瓦恰克纳维 › 相传 约公元前780—前700年年

作品

  • 约公元前700年年广林奥义书

    由多人之手汇编而成；其核心对话以圣哲耶若伏吉耶为主角：阿特曼与梵——吠檀多的奠基性文本。

立场

Yajnavalkya’s teaching centres on the atman, the innermost self. It cannot be grasped as an object, for it is the seer that is never seen and the knower that is never known; it can only be described negatively, as “not this, not this” (neti neti). This self is ultimately one with brahman, the ground of all reality. In his dialogue with Maitreyi he explains that we love spouse, children and wealth for the sake of the self, and that knowing the self is the true goal. Liberation comes from this knowledge, not from ritual. His ideas laid the foundation for Vedanta, especially Shankara’s non-dualism.

生平与背景

Yajnavalkya is a sage of the late Vedic period whose teachings are preserved above all in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, one of the oldest Upanishads, probably composed in the first half of the first millennium BCE. There he appears at the court of King Janaka of Videha, debating other Brahmins and teaching his wife Maitreyi. Whether he was a single historical person is uncertain.

其他主要作品

  • Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (c. 700 BCE, teachings attributed to him)

出现在

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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