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罗宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔

1861–1941

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

人性通过创造性的自由和与一切生命的内在联系而成长——而民族主义是一个危险的偶像，会阻碍它。

定位

南亚与藏传哲学 · 南亚 · 美学, 宗教, 政治与法

孟加拉诗人、教育家，也是第一位获诺贝尔文学奖的非欧洲人：一种以创造性人格为核心的人文主义宗教，并对民族主义提出尖锐批判。

核心思想

  • 人的宗教
  • 对民族主义的批判
  • 自由的教育（寂乡，Santiniketan）

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影响

受影响于 2

  • 耶若伏吉耶

    受其影响

    The link runs through the Upanishads, in which Yajnavalkya’s teaching is preserved: Tagore, raised with them in daily family worship, built his lectures Sadhana (1913) on them. R. Tagore, Sadhana: The Realisation of Life (1913), preface

    依据: AI 草稿

    耶若伏吉耶 › 相传 约公元前800—前720年年

  • 迦比尔

    受其影响

    Tagore translated One Hundred Poems of Kabir (1915, with Evelyn Underhill) from Kshitimohan Sen’s collection; many of the poems are of doubtful authenticity. R. Tagore (tr.), One Hundred Poems of Kabir (1915); C. Vaudeville, Kabir (1974)

    依据: AI 草稿

    迦比尔 › 约1440–1518年

影响了 3

  • 萨瓦帕利·拉达克里希南

    影响了

    Radhakrishnan’s The Philosophy of Rabindranath Tagore (1918) presented Tagore’s poetry as a modern voice of the spirit of the Upanishads – a humanism and spiritualism he made his own. S. Radhakrishnan, The Philosophy of Rabindranath Tagore (London 1918)

    依据: AI 草稿

    萨瓦帕利·拉达克里希南 › 1888–1975

  • 阿马蒂亚·森

    影响了

    Sen, who grew up at Tagore’s school in Santiniketan, defended Tagore’s cosmopolitan reason and his critique of nationalism in “Tagore and His India” (1997). A. Sen, “Tagore and His India”, New York Review of Books, 26 June 1997; The Argumentative Indian (2005), ch. 5

    依据: AI 草稿

    阿马蒂亚·森 › 1933年生

  • 阿希斯·南迪

    影响了

    In The Illegitimacy of Nationalism (1994) Nandy read Tagore’s rejection of nationalism as an alternative to Western-style anti-colonial nationalism. A. Nandy, The Illegitimacy of Nationalism: Rabindranath Tagore and the Politics of Self (1994)

    依据: AI 草稿

    阿希斯·南迪 › 1937年生

批评

批评了 1

  • 莫罕达斯·甘地

    批评了

    Tagore criticised Gandhi’s non-cooperation and burning of foreign cloth as narrowing, and doubted the spinning wheel as remedy (‘The Call of Truth’, 1921; ‘The Cult of the Charka’). S. Bhattacharya (ed.), The Mahatma and the Poet: Letters and Debates between Gandhi and Tagore 1915–1941, 1997

    依据: AI 草稿

    莫罕达斯·甘地 › 1869–1948

作品

  • 1917民族主义

    在日本和美国所做的讲座：民族是一种权力与贪欲的组织，吞噬着各民族的道德生活。

立场

Tagore was a poet, composer, painter and educator rather than an academic philosopher. Drawing on the Upanishads and the Bhakti poets, he found the divine not beyond the world but in the creative surplus of human personality – in love, art and the striving for unity, which he called the religion of man. Education should cultivate freedom, creativity and harmony with nature, not mere obedience. In his lectures on nationalism he denounced the nation-state as an organisation of power and commerce that devours the moral life of peoples, and warned India against imitating it. He publicly disagreed with Gandhi over non-cooperation, and discussed the nature of truth with Einstein.

生平与背景

Rabindranath Tagore was born in 1861 in Calcutta, the son of Debendranath Tagore, a leader of the Brahmo Samaj. Largely educated at home, he studied briefly in England. In 1901 he founded a school at Santiniketan, from which Visva-Bharati University grew in 1921. In 1913 he became the first non-European Nobel laureate in literature. He renounced his knighthood after the Amritsar massacre of 1919 and died in Calcutta in 1941.

其他主要作品

  • Gitanjali (Bengali 1910; English as Song Offerings, 1912)
  • The Home and the World (Ghare Baire, 1916)
  • Nationalism (1917)
  • The Religion of Man (1931)

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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