स्लावोय झ़िझ़ेक
विचारधारा कोई झूठ नहीं जिस पर हम विश्वास करते हैं बल्कि एक कल्पना है जिसे हम बेहतर जानते हुए भी जीते हैं – और हेगल तथा लाकाँ इसे उजागर करने में सहायक हैं।
पृष्ठभूमि
स्लोवेनियाई दार्शनिक जो हेगल को लाकाँ के माध्यम से पढ़ते हैं और दोनों को वर्तमान की विचारधारा के विरुद्ध – चुटकुलों, फ़िल्मों और विरोधाभासों के साथ।
मुख्य विचार
- कल्पना (फ़ैंटेसी) के रूप में विचारधारा
- लाकाँवादी हेगलवाद
- पैरालैक्स अंतराल
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 8
इमानुएल कांट
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Žižek read Kant’s paralogisms, in which the subject cannot know itself as a substance, as anticipating Lacan’s empty subject (Tarrying with the Negative, 1993). S. Žižek, Tarrying with the Negative: Kant, Hegel, and the Critique of Ideology (1993)
इमानुएल कांट › 1724–1804
गेऑर्ग विल्हेल्म फ़्रीडरिश हेगल
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Žižek read Hegel through Lacan, treating negativity and contradiction as constitutive of the subject and of reality itself (Less Than Nothing, 2012). S. Žižek, Less Than Nothing: Hegel and the Shadow of Dialectical Materialism (2012); Tarrying with the Negative (1993)
साक्ष्य: Wikidata में भी · Wikidata
गेऑर्ग विल्हेल्म फ़्रीडरिश हेगल › 1770–1831
फ्रेडरिख शेलिंग
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
In The Indivisible Remainder (1996) Žižek read Schelling’s Ages of the World as an account of how the Word emerges from a pre-symbolic ground of drives. S. Žižek, The Indivisible Remainder: An Essay on Schelling and Related Matters (1996); The Abyss of Freedom (1997)
फ्रेडरिख शेलिंग › 1775–1854
कार्ल मार्क्स
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Žižek read Marx’s formula ‘they do not know it, but they are doing it’ as locating ideology in practice, not belief (The Sublime Object of Ideology, 1989). S. Žižek, The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989); K. Marx, Das Kapital I (1867), on the fetish character of the commodity
कार्ल मार्क्स › 1818–1883
ज़ीगमुंड फ़्रॉइड
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Žižek read Marx’s commodity form like Freud’s dream, whose secret lies in the dream-work, not the latent content (The Sublime Object of Ideology, 1989). S. Žižek, The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989); S. Freud, Die Traumdeutung (1900)
ज़ीगमुंड फ़्रॉइड › 1856–1939
जाक लाकाँ
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Žižek took up Lacan’s registers of the Imaginary, Symbolic and Real and his concept of fantasy to analyse ideology and popular culture (Looking Awry, 1991). S. Žižek, The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989); Looking Awry: An Introduction to Jacques Lacan through Popular Culture (1991)
जाक लाकाँ › 1901–1981
सभी दिखाएँ (8)कम दिखाएँ
लुई अल्थुसर
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Žižek took up Althusser’s theory of ideology as interpellation and material ritual, arguing that interpellation never fully succeeds (The Sublime Object of Ideology, 1989). S. Žižek, The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989); L. Althusser, “Idéologie et appareils idéologiques d’État” (1970)
लुई अल्थुसर › 1918–1990
कारातानी कोजिन
जिनसे प्रभावित
Žižek built The Parallax View (2006) on Karatani’s Transcritique: On Kant and Marx (2003), taking over its notion of the “parallax” between irreducible perspectives. S. Žižek, The Parallax View (2006), Introduction; “The Parallax View”, New Left Review 25 (2004); K. Karatani, Transcritique (2003)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
कारातानी कोजिन › जन्म 1941
आलोचना
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित 1
जूडिथ बट्लर
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित
Butler objected that Žižek’s Lacanian Real works as an ahistorical, quasi-transcendental limit that fixes sexual difference beyond political contest (Bodies That Matter, 1993; Contingency, Hegemony, Universality, 2000). J. Butler, Bodies That Matter (1993), ch. 7 “Arguing with the Real”; J. Butler, E. Laclau & S. Žižek, Contingency, Hegemony, Universality (2000)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
जूडिथ बट्लर › जन्म 1956
जिनकी आलोचना की 3
गिल्लेस देलयूज़े
जिनकी आलोचना की
Žižek preferred the Deleuze of The Logic of Sense to the Anti-Oedipus Deleuze, whose praise of desiring flows he saw as fitting late capitalism (Organs without Bodies, 2004). S. Žižek, Organs without Bodies: On Deleuze and Consequences (2004)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
गिल्लेस देलयूज़े › 1925–1995
युर्गन हाबरमास
जिनकी आलोचना की
Žižek opened The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989) by reading Habermas’s neglect of Lacan as symptomatic, setting Lacan’s constitutive antagonism against Habermas’s ideal of transparent communication. S. Žižek, The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989), Introduction
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
युर्गन हाबरमास › 1929–2026
अंतोनियो नेग्री
जिनकी आलोचना की
Žižek credited Hardt and Negri’s Empire as an analysis of global capitalism but said it leaves open who the multitude is and what it should do (2001). S. Žižek, “Have Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri Rewritten the Communist Manifesto for the Twenty-First Century?”, Rethinking Marxism 13 (2001)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
अंतोनियो नेग्री › 1933–2023
कृतियाँ
विचारधारा मिथ्या चेतना नहीं बल्कि एक कल्पना है जो स्वयं वास्तविकता को संरचित करती है – मार्क्स और हेगल लाकाँ के साथ पढ़े गए।
- 2006द पैरालैक्स व्यू
दर्शन, विज्ञान और राजनीति में दो दृष्टिकोणों के बीच अन्यूनीय अंतराल।
- 2012लेस दैन नथिंग
द्वंद्वात्मक भौतिकवाद की छाया में हेगल पर एक हज़ार पृष्ठ – लाकाँ के साथ पढ़े गए।
मत
Žižek reads Hegel through the psychoanalysis of Jacques Lacan, and both against the ideology of the present. Ideology, he argues, is not a false picture covering the real world but a fantasy that structures our reality itself: we often know very well what we are doing and do it anyway. His examples come from Hollywood films, jokes and everyday life as much as from philosophy. In The Parallax View and Less Than Nothing he develops a materialism in which reality itself is incomplete and split by gaps. Prolific and provocative, he became one of the best-known public intellectuals of the early twenty-first century.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Žižek was born in Ljubljana, then part of Yugoslavia, in 1949 and studied philosophy and sociology there. In Paris he trained in Lacanian psychoanalysis and took a second doctorate. With Mladen Dolar and others he formed the Ljubljana School. In 1990 he ran for Slovenia’s collective presidency. He works at the University of Ljubljana and has held many guest positions, including in London and New York.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- The Sublime Object of Ideology (1989)
- The Parallax View (2006)
- Less Than Nothing (2012)
इनमें आता है
- यात्रा ‘हेगल के उत्तराधिकारी’ · 10 में से पड़ाव 10
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