प्रोक्लस
यथार्थ एकमेव से उतरते स्तरों की एक व्यवस्थित सीढ़ी है, और ईश्वर का वर्णन स्वयं केवल यह कहकर किया जा सकता है कि वह क्या नहीं है।
पृष्ठभूमि
नव-प्लेटोवाद का व्यवस्थापक; छद्म-डायोनिसियस के माध्यम से उन्होंने मध्यकालीन रहस्यवाद को आकार दिया।
मुख्य विचार
- पदानुक्रमित ब्रह्मांड
- निषेधात्मक धर्मशास्त्र
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 4
प्लेटो
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Proclus systematised Plato as theology in the Platonic Theology and, as head of the Athenian school, commented on the Timaeus, Republic, Parmenides and First Alcibiades. Proclus, Platonic Theology; In Timaeum; In Rempublicam; In Parmenidem; In Alcibiadem; SEP “Proclus”
साक्ष्य: Wikidata में भी · Wikidata
प्लेटो › 428–348 ईसा पूर्व
अरस्तू
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
In the Neoplatonic curriculum Proclus first read Aristotle’s logic, ethics, politics, physics and theology with Syrianus as a preparation for Plato, as his biographer Marinus reports. Marinus, Proclus or On Happiness; SEP “Proclus”
साक्ष्य: Wikidata में भी · Wikidata
अरस्तू › 384–322 ईसा पूर्व
प्लोटिनस
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Proclus systematised the hierarchy of One, Intellect and Soul he inherited from Plotinus, adding henads and triadic procession, and rejected Plotinus’ undescended soul (Elements of Theology 211). Proclus, Elements of Theology, prop. 211; SEP “Proclus”
प्लोटिनस › 204–270
पोरफ़िरी
जिनसे प्रभावित
Proclus’ commentary on the Timaeus cites and discusses Porphyry’s interpretations throughout, often against him, and so is a main source for Porphyry’s lost commentary. Proclus, In Platonis Timaeum commentaria; Porphyry, In Timaeum (fragments, ed. A. R. Sodano, 1964); SEP “Porphyry”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
पोरफ़िरी › लगभग 234–305
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 5
छद्म-डायोनिसियस अरेओपागीटेस
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Dionysius joined Proclus’ Neoplatonism to Christian faith; his treatment of evil in Divine Names IV follows Proclus’ On the Existence of Evils, as Koch and Stiglmayr showed (1895). H. Koch, Philologus 54 (1895); J. Stiglmayr, Historisches Jahrbuch 16 (1895); SEP “Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
छद्म-डायोनिसियस अरेओपागीटेस › लगभग 480–530
अल-किंदी
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Al-Kindi’s circle produced Arabic adaptations of Proclus’ Elements of Theology, among them the source of the Book of Causes, and his account of the One reflects them. C. D’Ancona, Recherches sur le Liber de causis (1995); P. Adamson, Al-Kindi (2007)
साक्ष्य: InPhO में भी · InPhO
अल-किंदी › लगभग 801–873
मास्टर एकहार्ट
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Eckhart knew Proclus’ metaphysics chiefly through the Liber de causis, an Arabic reworking of the Elements of Theology, citing it on the first cause’s immanence, transcendence and ineffability. Liber de causis; M. Raschietti, ‘Meister Eckhart leitor do Liber de causis’, Kriterion 60 (2019); SEP “Meister Eckhart”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
मास्टर एकहार्ट › लगभग 1260–1328
जॉर्ज जेमिस्टोस प्लेथोन
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Plethon’s order of gods in the Laws, with Zeus as first principle from whom eternal gods as Forms proceed, follows Neoplatonic tradition, especially Proclus. G. Gemistos Plethon, Nomoi; Th. Nikolaou, ‘Georgios Gemistos Plethon und Proklos’ (1982); V. Hladký, The Philosophy of Gemistos Plethon (2014)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
जॉर्ज जेमिस्टोस प्लेथोन › लगभग 1355–1452
कूसा के निकोलस
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Cusanus annotated Proclus’ Elements of Theology and commentary on the Parmenides and had his Platonic Theology translated by Pietro Balbi; he cites Proclus in De non aliud (1462). Nicholas of Cusa, De non aliud (1462); Proclus, Theologia Platonica, Latin tr. P. Balbi; SEP “Nicholas of Cusa”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
कूसा के निकोलस › 1401–1464
आलोचना
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित 1
जॉन फ़िलोपोनस
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित
Philoponus answered Proclus’ eighteen arguments for the eternity of the world point by point in On the Eternity of the World against Proclus (529). Philoponus, De aeternitate mundi contra Proclum (529), ed. H. Rabe, 1899; SEP “John Philoponus”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
जॉन फ़िलोपोनस › लगभग 490–570
कृतियाँ
- लगभग 470धर्मशास्त्र के तत्त्व
211 प्रस्थापनाएँ जो नव-प्लेटोवादी ब्रह्मांड को स्वयंसिद्ध रूप में खोलती हैं।
मत
Proclus was the great systematiser of late Neoplatonism. In his Elements of Theology he derives the whole of reality from the One in 211 propositions, in a deductive form modelled on Euclid. Each level unfolds in a triad of remaining, procession and return: every effect remains in its cause, proceeds from it and turns back to it. Between the One and the world he places a richly articulated hierarchy of henads, intellects and souls. He also wrote extensive commentaries on Plato and Euclid. Through the Christian writer known as Pseudo-Dionysius and the Arabic Book of Causes, his thought deeply influenced medieval theology.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Proclus was born in Constantinople, grew up in Lycia and studied in Alexandria before moving to Athens, where he became head of the Platonic school and led it for nearly fifty years. Deeply religious, he practised the old pagan rites in an increasingly Christian empire. His life was described by his pupil and successor Marinus.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Commentary on Plato’s Timaeus (c. 440 CE)
- Elements of Theology (c. 470 CE)
- Platonic Theology (c. 470 CE)
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