普罗克洛
实在是一座从太一向下延伸的、有序的层级阶梯，而上帝本身只能通过说出他不是什么来描述。
定位
新柏拉图主义的体系化者；通过伪狄奥尼修斯影响了中世纪神秘主义。
核心思想
- 有等级的宇宙
- 否定神学
影响
受影响于 4
柏拉图
受其影响 ✓
Proclus systematised Plato as theology in the Platonic Theology and, as head of the Athenian school, commented on the Timaeus, Republic, Parmenides and First Alcibiades. Proclus, Platonic Theology; In Timaeum; In Rempublicam; In Parmenidem; In Alcibiadem; SEP “Proclus”
依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata
柏拉图 › 公元前428—前348年
普罗提诺
受其影响 ✓
Proclus systematised the hierarchy of One, Intellect and Soul he inherited from Plotinus, adding henads and triadic procession, and rejected Plotinus’ undescended soul (Elements of Theology 211). Proclus, Elements of Theology, prop. 211; SEP “Proclus”
普罗提诺 › 204–270
波菲利
受其影响
Proclus’ commentary on the Timaeus cites and discusses Porphyry’s interpretations throughout, often against him, and so is a main source for Porphyry’s lost commentary. Proclus, In Platonis Timaeum commentaria; Porphyry, In Timaeum (fragments, ed. A. R. Sodano, 1964); SEP “Porphyry”
依据: AI 草稿
波菲利 › 约234–305年
影响了 5
伪狄奥尼修斯（亚略巴古的狄奥尼修斯）
影响了
Dionysius joined Proclus’ Neoplatonism to Christian faith; his treatment of evil in Divine Names IV follows Proclus’ On the Existence of Evils, as Koch and Stiglmayr showed (1895). H. Koch, Philologus 54 (1895); J. Stiglmayr, Historisches Jahrbuch 16 (1895); SEP “Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite”
依据: AI 草稿
伪狄奥尼修斯（亚略巴古的狄奥尼修斯） › 约480–530年
埃克哈特大师
影响了
Eckhart knew Proclus’ metaphysics chiefly through the Liber de causis, an Arabic reworking of the Elements of Theology, citing it on the first cause’s immanence, transcendence and ineffability. Liber de causis; M. Raschietti, ‘Meister Eckhart leitor do Liber de causis’, Kriterion 60 (2019); SEP “Meister Eckhart”
依据: AI 草稿
埃克哈特大师 › 约1260–1328年
格弥斯托士·卜列东
影响了
Plethon’s order of gods in the Laws, with Zeus as first principle from whom eternal gods as Forms proceed, follows Neoplatonic tradition, especially Proclus. G. Gemistos Plethon, Nomoi; Th. Nikolaou, ‘Georgios Gemistos Plethon und Proklos’ (1982); V. Hladký, The Philosophy of Gemistos Plethon (2014)
依据: AI 草稿
格弥斯托士·卜列东 › 约1355–1452年
库萨的尼古拉
影响了
Cusanus annotated Proclus’ Elements of Theology and commentary on the Parmenides and had his Platonic Theology translated by Pietro Balbi; he cites Proclus in De non aliud (1462). Nicholas of Cusa, De non aliud (1462); Proclus, Theologia Platonica, Latin tr. P. Balbi; SEP “Nicholas of Cusa”
依据: AI 草稿
库萨的尼古拉 › 1401–1464
批评
受批评于 1
约翰·菲洛波诺斯
受其批评
Philoponus answered Proclus’ eighteen arguments for the eternity of the world point by point in On the Eternity of the World against Proclus (529). Philoponus, De aeternitate mundi contra Proclum (529), ed. H. Rabe, 1899; SEP “John Philoponus”
依据: AI 草稿
约翰·菲洛波诺斯 › 约490–570年
作品
- 约470年神学原理
211个命题，以公理方式展开新柏拉图主义的宇宙。
立场
Proclus was the great systematiser of late Neoplatonism. In his Elements of Theology he derives the whole of reality from the One in 211 propositions, in a deductive form modelled on Euclid. Each level unfolds in a triad of remaining, procession and return: every effect remains in its cause, proceeds from it and turns back to it. Between the One and the world he places a richly articulated hierarchy of henads, intellects and souls. He also wrote extensive commentaries on Plato and Euclid. Through the Christian writer known as Pseudo-Dionysius and the Arabic Book of Causes, his thought deeply influenced medieval theology.
生平与背景
Proclus was born in Constantinople, grew up in Lycia and studied in Alexandria before moving to Athens, where he became head of the Platonic school and led it for nearly fifty years. Deeply religious, he practised the old pagan rites in an increasingly Christian empire. His life was described by his pupil and successor Marinus.
其他主要作品
- Commentary on Plato’s Timaeus (c. 440 CE)
- Elements of Theology (c. 470 CE)
- Platonic Theology (c. 470 CE)
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