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卢克莱修

约公元前99—前55年年

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

世界只由原子和虚空构成，所以没有理由害怕神或死亡。

定位

希腊化时期、罗马与古代晚期哲学 · 南欧 · 形而上学, 科学, 伦理学

把伊壁鸠鲁的物理学写成诗；这部诗于1417年被重新发现之后，文艺复兴的人文主义者、近代早期的自然哲学家和启蒙运动的作者都阅读了它。

核心思想

  • 原子论
  • 摆脱对诸神的恐惧

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影响

受影响于 3

  • 恩培多克勒

    受其影响

    Lucretius praised Empedocles’ philosophical poem as the model for his own, while rejecting his four elements as first beginnings (De rerum natura I.705–829). Lucretius, De rerum natura I.705–829 (praise at 716–733); SEP “Lucretius”

    依据: AI 草稿

    恩培多克勒 › 约公元前494—前434年年

  • 德谟克利特

    受其影响

    Through Epicurus Lucretius took up Democritus’ atoms and void, naming him with respect while rejecting his view that soul and body atoms alternate (De rerum natura III.370–395). Lucretius, De rerum natura III.370–395, V.621–636; SEP “Lucretius”

    依据: AI 草稿

    德谟克利特 › 约公元前460—前370年年

  • 伊壁鸠鲁

    受其影响

    Lucretius set out Epicurus’ physics and ethics in Latin hexameters, praising him as the Greek who first dared to defy religion (De rerum natura I.62–79, III.1–30). Lucretius, De rerum natura I.62–79, III.1–30, V.1–54; SEP “Lucretius”

    依据: 亦见于 InPhO · InPhO

    伊壁鸠鲁 › 公元前341—前270年

影响了 4

  • 尼科洛·马基雅维利

    影响了

    Machiavelli copied out Lucretius’ De rerum natura by hand in the late 1490s, and some scholars trace Epicurean themes in his view of chance and religion. Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Ms. Rossi 884; A. Brown, The Return of Lucretius to Renaissance Florence (2010)

    依据: AI 草稿

    尼科洛·马基雅维利 › 1469–1527

  • 米歇尔·德·蒙田

    影响了

    Montaigne quoted Lucretius often in the Essays and annotated his own copy of Lambin’s edition (1563), rediscovered in 1989. M. de Montaigne, Essais (1580–95); M. A. Screech, Montaigne’s Annotated Copy of Lucretius (1998)

    依据: AI 草稿

    米歇尔·德·蒙田 › 1533–1592

  • 乔尔丹诺·布鲁诺

    影响了 ✓

    Bruno modelled his Latin philosophical poems, especially De immenso (1591), on Lucretius and took up his infinite universe of countless worlds against Aristotle. G. Bruno, De immenso et innumerabilibus (1591); Lucretius, De rerum natura II.1048–1089; SEP “Giordano Bruno”

    依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata

    乔尔丹诺·布鲁诺 › 1548–1600

  • 皮埃尔·伽桑狄

    影响了

    For his reconstruction of atomism in the Syntagma philosophicum (1658) Gassendi drew on Lucretius’ On the Nature of Things, the fullest surviving account of Epicurean physics. P. Gassendi, Syntagma philosophicum (1658); Lucretius, De rerum natura; SEP “Pierre Gassendi”

    依据: AI 草稿

    皮埃尔·伽桑狄 › 1592–1655

批评

批评了 2

  • 赫拉克利特

    批评了

    Lucretius rejected Heraclitus’ view that all things are made of fire, calling him famous among the foolish for his obscure language (De rerum natura I.635–704). Lucretius, De rerum natura I.635–704

    依据: AI 草稿

    赫拉克利特 › 约公元前535—前475年年

  • 阿那克萨戈拉

    批评了

    Lucretius rejected Anaxagoras’ ‘homoeomeria’ – bone made of tiny bones, blood of tiny drops – and his denial of void and of a limit to division. Lucretius, De rerum natura I.830–920

    依据: AI 草稿

    阿那克萨戈拉 › 约公元前500—前428年年

作品

立场

Lucretius set out the philosophy of Epicurus in six books of brilliant Latin hexameters, meant to sweeten the bitter medicine of doctrine like honey on the rim of a cup. Everything consists of atoms and void; nothing comes from nothing, and an occasional “swerve” of the atoms makes room for free will. The world was not made by the gods for humans, and the soul dies with the body – so fear of death and of divine punishment is groundless. Rediscovered in 1417 by the humanist Poggio Bracciolini, the poem influenced Renaissance thought, early modern science and the Enlightenment.

生平与背景

Almost nothing is known about the life of Titus Lucretius Carus, a Roman poet of the first century BCE. His only work, the didactic poem De rerum natura, was probably left unfinished at his death; Cicero mentions it in a letter of 54 BCE. A later, hostile tradition claimed that he was driven mad by a love potion and took his own life.

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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