Lukrecjusz
Świat składa się tylko z atomów i pustej przestrzeni, więc nie ma powodu bać się bogów ani śmierci.
Umiejscowienie
Ujął epikurejską fizykę w wiersz; po ponownym odkryciu w 1417 roku jego poemat czytali humaniści renesansu, wczesnonowożytni filozofowie przyrody i autorzy oświecenia.
Kluczowe idee
- Atomizm
- Uwolnienie od lęku przed bogami
Wpływ
Pod wpływem 3
Empedokles
pod wpływem
Lucretius praised Empedocles’ philosophical poem as the model for his own, while rejecting his four elements as first beginnings (De rerum natura I.705–829). Lucretius, De rerum natura I.705–829 (praise at 716–733); SEP “Lucretius”
Źródło: szkic AI
Empedokles › ok. 494–434 p.n.e.
Demokryt
pod wpływem
Through Epicurus Lucretius took up Democritus’ atoms and void, naming him with respect while rejecting his view that soul and body atoms alternate (De rerum natura III.370–395). Lucretius, De rerum natura III.370–395, V.621–636; SEP “Lucretius”
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Demokryt › ok. 460–370 p.n.e.
Epikur
Wpływ na 4
Niccolò Machiavelli
wpływ na
Machiavelli copied out Lucretius’ De rerum natura by hand in the late 1490s, and some scholars trace Epicurean themes in his view of chance and religion. Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Ms. Rossi 884; A. Brown, The Return of Lucretius to Renaissance Florence (2010)
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Niccolò Machiavelli › 1469–1527
Michel de Montaigne
wpływ na
Montaigne quoted Lucretius often in the Essays and annotated his own copy of Lambin’s edition (1563), rediscovered in 1989. M. de Montaigne, Essais (1580–95); M. A. Screech, Montaigne’s Annotated Copy of Lucretius (1998)
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Michel de Montaigne › 1533–1592
Giordano Bruno
wpływ na ✓
Bruno modelled his Latin philosophical poems, especially De immenso (1591), on Lucretius and took up his infinite universe of countless worlds against Aristotle. G. Bruno, De immenso et innumerabilibus (1591); Lucretius, De rerum natura II.1048–1089; SEP “Giordano Bruno”
Źródło: także w Wikidanych · Wikidata
Giordano Bruno › 1548–1600
Pierre Gassendi
wpływ na
For his reconstruction of atomism in the Syntagma philosophicum (1658) Gassendi drew on Lucretius’ On the Nature of Things, the fullest surviving account of Epicurean physics. P. Gassendi, Syntagma philosophicum (1658); Lucretius, De rerum natura; SEP “Pierre Gassendi”
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Pierre Gassendi › 1592–1655
Krytyka
Krytykuje 2
Heraklit
krytykuje
Lucretius rejected Heraclitus’ view that all things are made of fire, calling him famous among the foolish for his obscure language (De rerum natura I.635–704). Lucretius, De rerum natura I.635–704
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Heraklit › ok. 535–475 p.n.e.
Anaksagoras
krytykuje
Lucretius rejected Anaxagoras’ ‘homoeomeria’ – bone made of tiny bones, blood of tiny drops – and his denial of void and of a limit to division. Lucretius, De rerum natura I.830–920
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Anaksagoras › ok. 500–428 p.n.e.
Dzieła
- ok. 55 p.n.e.De rerum natura
Epikurejska fizyka w heksametrach: atomy, próżnia i uwolnienie od lęku.
Stanowisko
Lucretius set out the philosophy of Epicurus in six books of brilliant Latin hexameters, meant to sweeten the bitter medicine of doctrine like honey on the rim of a cup. Everything consists of atoms and void; nothing comes from nothing, and an occasional “swerve” of the atoms makes room for free will. The world was not made by the gods for humans, and the soul dies with the body – so fear of death and of divine punishment is groundless. Rediscovered in 1417 by the humanist Poggio Bracciolini, the poem influenced Renaissance thought, early modern science and the Enlightenment.
Życie i kontekst
Almost nothing is known about the life of Titus Lucretius Carus, a Roman poet of the first century BCE. His only work, the didactic poem De rerum natura, was probably left unfinished at his death; Cicero mentions it in a letter of 54 BCE. A later, hostile tradition claimed that he was driven mad by a love potion and took his own life.
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