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Charles Taylor

ur. 1931

Pierwsze przybliżeniecelowe uproszczenie – portret mówi więcej

To, kim jesteśmy, kształtuje się w dialogu z innymi i z ideałami, na których nam zależy – więc uznawanie tożsamości ludzi jest obowiązkiem politycznym.

Umiejscowienie

Filozofia polityczna i etyka (XX–XXI w.) · Ameryka Północna · Polityka i prawo, Egzystencja i ja, Religia

„Źródła podmiotowości” i polityka uznania: tożsamość wyłania się w dialogu z innymi.

Kluczowe idee

  • Polityka uznania
  • Wiek świecki
  • Mocne wartościowania

Nauczyciele: Isaiah Berlin, Elizabeth Anscombe

Uczniowie: Michael Sandel

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Wpływ

Pod wpływem 7

  • Johann Gottfried Herder

    pod wpływem

    Taylor took from Herder the expressive-constitutive view of language, setting a ‘Hamann-Herder-Humboldt’ theory against designative theories of meaning (The Language Animal, 2016). C. Taylor, The Language Animal (2016); “The Importance of Herder”, in E. and A. Margalit (eds.), Isaiah Berlin: A Celebration (1991)

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    Johann Gottfried Herder › 1744–1803

  • Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

    pod wpływem

    Taylor read Hegel as joining Enlightenment autonomy with Romantic expressivism (Hegel, 1975) and drew on his theory of recognition for a politics of recognition (1992). C. Taylor, Hegel (1975); Hegel and Modern Society (1979); “The Politics of Recognition”, in A. Gutmann (ed.), Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition (1992)

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    Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel › 1770–1831

  • Martin Heidegger

    pod wpływem

    Taylor took from Heidegger the idea of engaged agency against a background of practices, opposing it to representational models of mind (‘Engaged Agency and Background in Heidegger’, 1993). C. Taylor, “Engaged Agency and Background in Heidegger”, in C. Guignon (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Heidegger (1993); Sources of the Self (1989)

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    Martin Heidegger › 1889–1976

  • Ludwig Wittgenstein

    pod wpływem

    Taylor read Wittgenstein’s remarks on following a rule as showing that understanding rests on an unarticulated background of embodied practice (‘To Follow a Rule’, 1993). C. Taylor, “To Follow a Rule”, in C. Calhoun et al. (eds.), Bourdieu: Critical Perspectives (1993), repr. in Philosophical Arguments (1995)

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    Ludwig Wittgenstein › 1889–1951

  • Maurice Merleau-Ponty

    pod wpływem

    Taylor took from Merleau-Ponty the idea of embodied agency, a pre-reflective bodily grasp of the world, against representational epistemology (‘Embodied Agency’, 1989; Retrieving Realism, 2015). C. Taylor, “Embodied Agency”, in H. Pietersma (ed.), Merleau-Ponty: Critical Essays (1989); H. Dreyfus and C. Taylor, Retrieving Realism (2015)

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    Maurice Merleau-Ponty › 1908–1961

  • Elizabeth Anscombe nauczyciel(ka)

    nauczyciel(ka)

    Taylor’s biography at the Institute for Human Sciences in Vienna names Anscombe, with Isaiah Berlin, as supervisor of his Oxford DPhil (1961), the basis of The Explanation of Behaviour (1964); other accounts name Berlin alone, so her formal role is uncertain. IWM Vienna, “Charles Taylor – Short Biography”; R. Abbey, Charles Taylor (2000)

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    Elizabeth Anscombe › 1919–2001

  • Frantz Fanon

    pod wpływem

    In “The Politics of Recognition” (1992) Taylor named Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth (1961) as an influential source of the idea that misrecognition oppresses: the colonisers’ chief weapon was imposing their image of the colonised on the subjugated – a reading Coulthard later turned against Taylor with Fanon. C. Taylor, “The Politics of Recognition”, in A. Gutmann (ed.), Multiculturalism and “The Politics of Recognition” (1992); G. S. Coulthard, Red Skin, White Masks (2014), ch. 1

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    Frantz Fanon › 1925–1961

Wpływ na 3

  • Axel Honneth

    wpływ na ✓

    Honneth shared with Taylor’s ‘The Politics of Recognition’ (1992) the thesis that identity depends on recognition, but did not confine recognition to cultural identity (Redistribution or Recognition?, 2003). C. Taylor, “The Politics of Recognition” (1992); N. Fraser and A. Honneth, Redistribution or Recognition? A Political-Philosophical Exchange (2003); SEP “Recognition”

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    Axel Honneth › ur. 1949

  • Michael Sandel uczeń/uczennica

    uczeń/uczennica

    Sandel studied at Balliol College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar and wrote his DPhil under Charles Taylor (1981); it grew into Liberalism and the Limits of Justice (1982). Berggruen Institute, laureate biography of M. Sandel; M. J. Sandel, Liberalism and the Limits of Justice (1982)

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    Michael Sandel › ur. 1953

  • Hartmut Rosa

    wpływ na

    Rosa wrote his dissertation on Taylor (Identität und kulturelle Praxis, 1998) and built on Taylor’s strong evaluations and dialogical self in his theory of resonance (Resonanz, 2016). H. Rosa, Identität und kulturelle Praxis. Politische Philosophie nach Charles Taylor (1998); Resonanz. Eine Soziologie der Weltbeziehung (2016)

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    Hartmut Rosa › ur. 1965

Krytyka

Krytyka ze strony 2

  • Enrique Dussel

    krytyka ze strony

    In the same book Dussel discussed Taylor’s Sources of the Self (1989), objecting that its history of the modern self is told from Europe alone and omits the conquest of America and the periphery, the “underside” of modernity. E. Dussel, The Underside of Modernity: Apel, Ricoeur, Rorty, Taylor, and the Philosophy of Liberation (1996)

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    Enrique Dussel › 1934–2023

  • Glen Sean Coulthard

    krytyka ze strony

    Drawing on Fanon, Coulthard argued against Taylor’s ‘The Politics of Recognition’ (1992) that recognition granted by the settler state reproduces colonial rule (Red Skin, White Masks, 2014). G. S. Coulthard, Red Skin, White Masks (2014), ch. 1; C. Taylor, “The Politics of Recognition”, in A. Gutmann (ed.), Multiculturalism (1992)

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    Glen Sean Coulthard › ur. 1974

Krytykuje 2

  • Isaiah Berlin nauczyciel(ka)

    nauczyciel(ka)

    Taylor wrote his Oxford DPhil (1961) under Isaiah Berlin’s supervision; it became The Explanation of Behaviour (1964). He later contributed ‘What’s Wrong with Negative Liberty’ (1979) to Berlin’s Festschrift. R. Abbey, Charles Taylor (2000); C. Taylor, The Explanation of Behaviour (1964)

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    krytykuje

    Taylor argued against Berlin that freedom is not an ‘opportunity concept’ but an ‘exercise concept’ requiring us to discriminate among our motivations (‘What’s Wrong with Negative Liberty’, 1979). C. Taylor, “What’s Wrong with Negative Liberty”, in A. Ryan (ed.), The Idea of Freedom: Essays in Honour of Isaiah Berlin (1979)

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    Isaiah Berlin › 1909–1997

  • Robert Nozick

    krytykuje

    Taylor argued against Nozick’s primacy of rights that ascribing rights presupposes an obligation to sustain the society in which the capacities they protect can develop (‘Atomism’, 1979). C. Taylor, “Atomism”, in A. Kontos (ed.), Powers, Possessions and Freedom (1979), repr. in Philosophical Papers 2 (1985)

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    Robert Nozick › 1938–2002

Dzieła

Stanowisko

Taylor understands human beings as “self-interpreting animals”: who we are depends on the evaluations and languages in which we understand ourselves, and these are formed in dialogue with others. In Sources of the Self he reconstructed the history of the modern self – inwardness, the affirmation of ordinary life, romantic expressivism – and argued that even liberal individualism rests on a strong idea of the good. In his essay on the politics of recognition he argued that identity depends on recognition, and misrecognition can do real harm; this sparked the debate on multiculturalism. In A Secular Age he asked how belief in God went from the default to one option among many. Taylor is a leading voice of communitarian and hermeneutic thought.

Życie i kontekst

Taylor was born in Montreal in 1931 and studied at McGill and, as a Rhodes Scholar, at Oxford, where he later held the Chichele Professorship of Social and Political Theory. He taught for most of his career at McGill, was politically active in the New Democratic Party and co-chaired a Quebec commission on the accommodation of cultural differences. He received the Templeton Prize and the Kyoto Prize.

Dalsze główne dzieła

  • Hegel (1975)
  • Sources of the Self (1989)
  • The Ethics of Authenticity (1991)
  • Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition (1992)
  • A Secular Age (2007)

Pojawia się w

Źródła: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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