एनरिके दुसेल
आधुनिकता 1492 में दूसरों की मानवता को नकारकर आरंभ हुई, इसलिए नैतिकता को पीड़ितों और उनके बहिष्कृत दृष्टिकोण से आरंभ करना चाहिए।
पृष्ठभूमि
मुक्ति के अर्जेंटीनी-मैक्सिकन दार्शनिक: आधुनिकता 1492 में अन्य के निषेध से शुरू हुई; नीतिशास्त्र शिकार के चेहरे से आरंभ होता है – एक “पार-आधुनिकता” की ओर।
मुख्य विचार
- मुक्ति का दर्शन
- अन्य की बाह्यता
- पार-आधुनिकता
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 9
बार्तोलोमे दे लास कासास
जिनसे प्रभावित
Dussel read Las Casas as the first critic of modernity, who argued from the standpoint of the Indigenous victims of conquest (1492: El encubrimiento del otro, 1992). E. Dussel, 1492: El encubrimiento del otro (1992); Política de la liberación: Historia mundial y crítica (2007)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
बार्तोलोमे दे लास कासास › 1484–1566
फ्रेडरिख शेलिंग
जिनसे प्रभावित
In Method for a Philosophy of Liberation (1974), subtitled “analectic overcoming of the Hegelian dialectic”, Dussel took up the late Schelling’s positive philosophy as a first step beyond Hegel towards an exteriority that thought does not produce. E. Dussel, Método para una filosofía de la liberación: superación analéctica de la dialéctica hegeliana (1974); P. González San Martín, Hybris. Revista de Filosofía (2016)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
फ्रेडरिख शेलिंग › 1775–1854
कार्ल मार्क्स
जिनसे प्रभावित
Dussel read Marx’s manuscripts closely, finding in living labour an exteriority to capital like the Other of liberation ethics (La producción teórica de Marx, 1985). E. Dussel, La producción teórica de Marx (1985); Hacia un Marx desconocido (1988); El último Marx (1990)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
कार्ल मार्क्स › 1818–1883
मार्टिन हाइडेगर
जिनसे प्रभावित
Dussel’s early ethics began from Heidegger: Toward a De-struction of the History of Ethics (1973) applied Heidegger’s “destruction” to ethics, and the first volume of his Ethics of Latin American Liberation (1973) starts from the existential understanding of being before breaking with it, with Levinas, as a philosophy of totality. E. Dussel, Para una de-strucción de la historia de la ética (1973); Para una ética de la liberación latinoamericana I (1973)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
मार्टिन हाइडेगर › 1889–1976
इमैनुएल लेविनास
जिनसे प्रभावित
Dussel took Levinas’s exteriority of the Other, who breaks the totality, and identified the Other with the poor and colonised of the periphery (Filosofía de la liberación, 1977). E. Dussel, Filosofía de la liberación (1977); E. Levinas, Totalité et infini (1961); SEP “Philosophy of Liberation”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
इमैनुएल लेविनास › 1906–1995
पॉल रिक्यूर
जिनसे प्रभावित
Dussel attended Ricoeur’s courses at the Sorbonne in the 1960s and drew on his hermeneutics of symbols in his early studies of Semitic thought; in 1991 the two debated hermeneutics and liberation. E. Dussel, El humanismo semita (1969); Apel, Ricoeur, Rorty y la filosofía de la liberación (1993); E. Téllez Fabiani, “Ricoeur y Dussel”, Inter-American Journal of Philosophy (2022)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
पॉल रिक्यूर › 1913–2005
सभी दिखाएँ (9)कम दिखाएँ
नेसाहुआलकोयोतल
जिनसे प्रभावित विवादित
Dussel read the Nahua tlamatinime, with songs ascribed to Nezahualcóyotl, as a ‘protophilosophy’ following León-Portilla (1492: El encubrimiento del otro, 1992); the attribution of the songs is disputed. E. Dussel, 1492: El encubrimiento del otro (1992; Eng. The Invention of the Americas, 1995); M. León-Portilla, La filosofía náhuatl (1956); J. Bierhorst (ed.), Cantares Mexicanos (1985)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
नेसाहुआलकोयोतल › 1402–1472
रोडोल्फो कुश
जिनसे प्रभावित
Dussel took up Kusch’s claim that popular and Indigenous thought is a source of philosophy in the philosophy of liberation (Para una ética de la liberación latinoamericana, 1973). E. Dussel, Para una ética de la liberación latinoamericana (1973); R. Kusch, El pensamiento indígena y popular en América (1970)
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रोडोल्फो कुश › 1922–1979
आउगुस्तो सलाज़ार बोंदी
जिनसे प्रभावित
Dussel took Salazar Bondy’s thesis that philosophy under domination is inauthentic (¿Existe una filosofía de nuestra América?, 1968) as a starting point of liberation philosophy. A. Salazar Bondy, ¿Existe una filosofía de nuestra América? (1968); E. Dussel, Filosofía de la liberación (1977); SEP “Philosophy of Liberation”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
आउगुस्तो सलाज़ार बोंदी › 1925–1974
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 2
वॉल्टर मिन्योलो
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Mignolo built on Dussel’s critique of Eurocentrism and his dating of modernity from 1492 to describe a ‘colonial difference’ that ranks peoples and knowledges (Local Histories/Global Designs, 2000). W. D. Mignolo, Local Histories/Global Designs (2000); E. Dussel, 1492: El encubrimiento del otro (1992)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
वॉल्टर मिन्योलो › जन्म 1941
ब्रायन बर्कहार्ट
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Drawing on Enrique Dussel, Burkhart traces the Cartesian ego cogito back to the ego conquiro of the conquest (Indigenizing Philosophy through the Land, 2019). B. Burkhart, Indigenizing Philosophy through the Land (2019); E. Dussel, 1492: El encubrimiento del otro (1992)
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ब्रायन बर्कहार्ट › समकालीन
आलोचना
जिनकी आलोचना की 4
गेऑर्ग विल्हेल्म फ़्रीडरिश हेगल
जिनकी आलोचना की
Dussel read Hegel’s lectures on world history, which leave America and Africa outside history, as expressing the Eurocentric myth of modernity (1492: El encubrimiento del otro, 1992). E. Dussel, 1492: El encubrimiento del otro (1992), ch. 1; G. W. F. Hegel, Vorlesungen über die Philosophie der Weltgeschichte, introduction
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
गेऑर्ग विल्हेल्म फ़्रीडरिश हेगल › 1770–1831
युर्गन हाबरमास
जिनकी आलोचना की
Dussel objected that Habermas’s discourse ethics presupposes a community of equal participants and forgets those excluded from it – the victims (Ética de la liberación, 1998). E. Dussel, Ética de la liberación en la edad de la globalización y de la exclusión (1998); The Underside of Modernity (1996)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
युर्गन हाबरमास › 1929–2026
रिचर्ड रोर्टी
जिनकी आलोचना की
In The Underside of Modernity (1996), after their debate in the early 1990s, Dussel objected to Rorty’s pragmatism that its “we” of liberal ironists cannot hear the interpellation of the excluded Other, the starting point of a philosophy of liberation. E. Dussel, The Underside of Modernity: Apel, Ricoeur, Rorty, Taylor, and the Philosophy of Liberation (1996, ed. and tr. E. Mendieta); Apel, Ricoeur, Rorty y la filosofía de la liberación (1993)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
रिचर्ड रोर्टी › 1931–2007
चार्ल्स टेलर
जिनकी आलोचना की
In the same book Dussel discussed Taylor’s Sources of the Self (1989), objecting that its history of the modern self is told from Europe alone and omits the conquest of America and the periphery, the “underside” of modernity. E. Dussel, The Underside of Modernity: Apel, Ricoeur, Rorty, Taylor, and the Philosophy of Liberation (1996)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
चार्ल्स टेलर › जन्म 1931
कृतियाँ
- 1977मुक्ति का दर्शन
परिधि से: आधुनिक विश्व-व्यवस्था की समग्रता को वह अन्य खोल देता है जो उसके बहिष्कार की पीड़ा झेलता है।
मत
Dussel argued that modernity did not begin with the Renaissance or the Reformation but in 1492, with Europe’s conquest of America and its “covering-over” of the Other. Europe’s self-image as centre required a periphery that it exploited and denied. Drawing on Levinas, he grounded ethics in the exteriority of the Other – the poor, the colonised, women, the victim – who breaks open the closed totality of the system; with Marx he analysed that system’s material injustice. He debated discourse ethics with Karl-Otto Apel and Habermas, insisting on the standpoint of the excluded. Instead of postmodernity he proposed a “transmodernity” in which the cultures of the periphery contribute on their own terms.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Enrique Dussel was born in 1934 in La Paz, in Argentina’s Mendoza province. He studied philosophy in Mendoza and Madrid, worked for two years as a carpenter in Nazareth, and took a doctorate in history at the Sorbonne. In 1973 right-wing paramilitaries bombed his house; from 1975 he lived in exile in Mexico, teaching at UNAM and the Metropolitan Autonomous University. He died in Mexico City in 2023.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Philosophy of Liberation (Filosofía de la liberación, 1977)
- The Invention of the Americas (1492: El encubrimiento del otro, 1992)
- Ethics of Liberation in the Age of Globalization and Exclusion (1998)
- Twenty Theses on Politics (2006)
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