نانسي فريزر
تحتاج العدالة إلى حصة أعدل من الثروة وإلى احترام الهويات المختلفة معًا – وإلى مجال عام متعدد الأصوات لا صوت واحد.
التموضع
منظّرة نقدية في نيويورك: العدالة تقتضي إعادة التوزيع والاعتراف معًا – ومجالًا عامًا متعدد «المجالات العامة المضادة»، لا المجال البرجوازي الواحد الذي وصفه هابرماس.
الأفكار الرئيسة
- إعادة التوزيع والاعتراف
- المجالات العامة المضادة للفئات التابعة
- التكافؤ في المشاركة
التأثير
تأثّر بـ 4
كارل ماركس
تأثّر بـ
Fraser extended Marx’s move into the ‘hidden abode’ of production to capitalism’s background conditions: social reproduction, nature and political power (‘Behind Marx’s Hidden Abode’, 2014). N. Fraser, “Behind Marx’s Hidden Abode: For an Expanded Conception of Capitalism”, New Left Review 86 (2014); Cannibal Capitalism (2022)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
كارل ماركس › 1818–1883
كارل بولاني
تأثّر بـ
Fraser widened Polanyi’s ‘double movement’ of marketisation and social protection into a ‘triple movement’ that adds emancipation (‘A Triple Movement?’, New Left Review, 2013). N. Fraser, “A Triple Movement? Parsing the Politics of Crisis after Polanyi”, New Left Review 81 (2013); K. Polanyi, The Great Transformation (1944)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
كارل بولاني › 1886–1964
ميشال فوكو
تأثّر بـ ✓
Fraser took up Foucault’s analysis of disciplinary power as empirically insightful but normatively confused (‘Foucault on Modern Power: Empirical Insights and Normative Confusions’, 1981). N. Fraser, “Foucault on Modern Power: Empirical Insights and Normative Confusions”, Praxis International 1 (1981); Unruly Practices (1989)
التوثيق: مسجّل أيضًا في Wikidata · Wikidata
ميشال فوكو › 1926–1984
غوسطة إسبينغ أندرسن
تأثّر بـ
In ‘After the Family Wage’ (1994) Fraser drew on Esping-Andersen’s Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism (1990) for her anti-exploitation principle, which protects against dependence on employers or husbands. N. Fraser, “After the Family Wage: Gender Equity and the Welfare State”, Political Theory 22 (1994); G. Esping-Andersen, The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism (1990)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
غوسطة إسبينغ أندرسن › وُلد 1947
النقد
نقد متبادل 2
آيرس ماريون يونغ ⇄ متبادل
انتقد
Fraser objected that Young’s Justice and the Politics of Difference (1990) runs together cultural and political-economic injustice and affirms group differences that justice may require abolishing (1995). N. Fraser, “Recognition or Redistribution? A Critical Reading of Iris Young’s Justice and the Politics of Difference”, Journal of Political Philosophy 3 (1995); I. M. Young, “Unruly Categories”, New Left Review 222 (1997)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
انتقده
Young objected that Fraser’s dual framework of redistribution and recognition splits apart what belongs together: cultural and economic injustice are intertwined in the same structures (‘Unruly Categories’, 1997). I. M. Young, “Unruly Categories: A Critique of Nancy Fraser’s Dual Systems Theory”, New Left Review 222 (1997); reply: N. Fraser, “A Rejoinder to Iris Young”, New Left Review 223 (1997)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
آيرس ماريون يونغ › 1949–2006
جوديث بتلر ⇄ متبادل
انتقد
Fraser objected that Butler’s resignification offers no norms to distinguish emancipatory from oppressive change (‘False Antitheses’, 1991) and treated heterosexism as misrecognition rather than maldistribution (1998). N. Fraser, “False Antitheses”, Praxis International 11 (1991); “Heterosexism, Misrecognition, and Capitalism: A Response to Judith Butler”, New Left Review 228 (1998)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
انتقده
In ‘Merely Cultural’ (1998) Butler objected that Fraser’s split between economic and cultural injustice relegates struggles over sexuality to recognition, although they concern the reproduction of capitalism. J. Butler, “Merely Cultural”, New Left Review 227 (1998); N. Fraser, “Heterosexism, Misrecognition, and Capitalism”, New Left Review 228 (1998)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
جوديث بتلر › وُلد 1956
انتقده 2
أكسل هونيت
انتقده
Against Fraser’s dualism of redistribution and recognition, Honneth argued that distributive conflicts are themselves struggles for recognition, so a single normative concept suffices (Redistribution or Recognition?, 2003). N. Fraser & A. Honneth, Redistribution or Recognition? A Political-Philosophical Exchange (2003; German: Umverteilung oder Anerkennung?, 2003)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
أكسل هونيت › وُلد 1949
غلين شون كولثارد
انتقده
Coulthard applied his objection to the politics of recognition also to Nancy Fraser’s model: recognition granted within a settler-colonial order reproduces that order (Red Skin, White Masks, 2014). G. S. Coulthard, Red Skin, White Masks: Rejecting the Colonial Politics of Recognition (2014); N. Fraser, “Rethinking Recognition”, New Left Review 3 (2000)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
غلين شون كولثارد › وُلد 1974
ينتقد 2
يورغن هابرماس تأثّر بـ
تأثّر بـ
Fraser kept Habermas’s public sphere as an indispensable concept of critical theory and carried it beyond the frame of the nation-state (‘Transnationalizing the Public Sphere’, 2007). N. Fraser, “Rethinking the Public Sphere”, Social Text 25/26 (1990); “Transnationalizing the Public Sphere”, Theory, Culture & Society 24 (2007)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
انتقد
Fraser objected that Habermas’s system–lifeworld split hides the family’s gendered economy and that his account of the public sphere idealises a forum that excluded women (1985; 1990). N. Fraser, “What’s Critical about Critical Theory? The Case of Habermas and Gender”, New German Critique 35 (1985); “Rethinking the Public Sphere”, Social Text 25/26 (1990)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
يورغن هابرماس › 1929–2026
كارول بيتمان
انتقد
Fraser objected that Pateman’s The Sexual Contract (1988) reduces gender domination to a master–subject model and misses its impersonal forms in late capitalism (‘Beyond the Master/Subject Model’, 1993). N. Fraser, “Beyond the Master/Subject Model: Reflections on Carole Pateman’s Sexual Contract”, Social Text 37 (1993); repr. in Justice Interruptus (1997)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
كارول بيتمان › وُلد 1940
الأعمال
أقصى المجال العام البرجوازي النساءَ والعمال؛ والديمقراطية تحتاج «مجالات عامة مضادة» عديدة متنافسة.
من إعادة التوزيع إلى الاعتراف – ولماذا تحتاج السياسة العادلة إلى كليهما.
الموقف
Fraser’s critique of Habermas’s “Structural Transformation” argued that the bourgeois public sphere was constituted by excluding women and workers, and that democracy needs a multiplicity of “subaltern counterpublics” in which subordinated groups formulate their interests. Her best-known thesis distinguishes two dimensions of justice: redistribution, which addresses economic injustice, and recognition, which addresses cultural status; neither reduces to the other, and the norm uniting them is “participatory parity”, the condition that all can take part in social life as peers. Against Honneth she holds that recognition is a matter of status, not of psychological self-realisation. Later she added political representation as a third dimension.
الحياة والسياق
Nancy Fraser (born 1947 in Baltimore) studied classics at Bryn Mawr and took her doctorate at the City University of New York in 1980. She has taught at Northwestern and, since 1995, at the New School for Social Research in New York, and has held visiting chairs in Paris and Frankfurt. Her debates with Axel Honneth and Judith Butler, and her critique of Habermas, shaped critical theory in the 1990s and 2000s.
أعمال رئيسة أخرى
- Unruly Practices (1989)
- Redistribution or Recognition? (with Axel Honneth, 2003)
- Cannibal Capitalism (2022)
يرد في
بحسب الوضع في نوفمبر 2026 · المصادر · حسّن هذه الصفحة · كيف صُنع Agora