K. C. 巴塔恰里亚

Agora

K. C. 巴塔恰里亚

1875–1949

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

自我是从它所能思考的每一个对象退后一步的自由——而印度思想必须从借来的西方观念中解放出来。

定位

南亚与藏传哲学 · 南亚 · 形而上学, 存在与自我, 认识论

加尔各答的哲学家，与康德和吠檀多对话：主体性是逐步摆脱客体的过程；他的演讲《观念中的自治》（Swaraj in Ideas）呼吁使思想本身去殖民化。

核心思想

主体即自由
观念中的自治（swaraj）
交替论

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影响

受影响于 3

迦毗罗

受其影响
K. C. Bhattacharya’s Studies in Samkhya Philosophy reinterpreted the Samkhya ascribed to Kapila, with its distinction of conscious self and nature, as a living philosophical option. K. C. Bhattacharya, “Studies in Sankhya Philosophy”, in Studies in Philosophy I (1956)
依据: AI 草稿
迦毗罗 › 传说人物
商羯罗

受其影响
K. C. Bhattacharya’s first book, Studies in Vedantism (1909), interpreted Shankara’s Advaita, with its doctrine of maya, in modern philosophical terms. K. C. Bhattacharya, Studies in Vedantism (1909); N. Bhushan & J. L. Garfield (eds.), Indian Philosophy in English (2011)
依据: AI 草稿
商羯罗 › 约700–750年 · 通行断代 788–820
伊曼努尔·康德

受其影响
K. C. Bhattacharya started from Kant’s limits of theoretical knowledge but argued in The Subject as Freedom (1930) that the subject is realised through progressive freedom from objectivity. K. C. Bhattacharya, The Subject as Freedom (1930); N. Bhushan & J. L. Garfield (eds.), Indian Philosophy in English (2011)
依据: AI 草稿
伊曼努尔·康德 › 1724–1804

作品

1928观念中的自治（Swaraj in Ideas）
一场反对印度心智的“文化屈从”的讲座：西方观念应当被批判地吸收，而不是通过模仿而照搬。

立场

Bhattacharya treated Kant, Vedanta, Samkhya and Jainism as living philosophical options. In The Subject as Freedom he described subjectivity as a progressive freeing from the object: from the bodily subject through the psychic to a spiritual subject that knows itself only by turning away from all objects. Philosophy, unlike science, does not state facts but elaborates contents that can be spoken of yet not perceived. In his theory of alternation the Absolute appears as truth, freedom or value – alternatives irreducible to one another. His lecture “Swaraj in Ideas” diagnosed the “cultural subjection” of the colonised Indian mind and called for critical, independent thinking instead of imitating the West.

生平与背景

Krishna Chandra Bhattacharya was born in 1875 in Serampore in Bengal and studied philosophy at Presidency College, Calcutta. For decades he taught at government colleges; later he worked at the Indian Institute of Philosophy in Amalner, and from 1935 to 1937 he was King George V Professor of Mental and Moral Science at the University of Calcutta. He died in 1949; his son Kalidas Bhattacharyya also became a philosopher.