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谢里夫·朱尔贾尼

1340–1413

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

朱尔贾尼认为，各门学问有赖于精确的定义和对论证每一步的检验；他在注释中逐行审查逻辑、神学和修辞的教科书，在作者推理失误之处加以纠正。

定位

伊斯兰世界的哲学 · 西亚与北非 · 宗教, 逻辑学, 语言, 形而上学

来自阿斯特拉巴德（戈尔甘）附近的学者，在设拉子任教，1387年被帖木儿带到撒马尔罕，帖木儿死后返回设拉子：在他对伊吉《神学诸站》的注释（1405年）以及对逻辑、神学和修辞主要教科书的批注中，他仔细检验每一个论证；他的《定义集》汇集了各门学问的术语，他与塔夫塔扎尼的争论在经学院中被讨论了数百年。

核心思想

  • 以定义求精确
  • 批注作为批判性检验
  • 与哲学对话的神学
  • 必然知识的基础

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影响

受影响于 4

  • 苏赫拉瓦迪

    受其影响

    Al-Jurjani wrote a commentary on Suhrawardi’s Philosophy of Illumination. SEP “Suhrawardi”, citing M. Kadivar (2011), 290–292

    依据: AI 草稿

    苏赫拉瓦迪 › 1154–1191

  • 纳西尔丁·图西

    受其影响

    Al-Jurjani wrote a commentary on Nasir al-Din al-Tusi’s Memoir on Astronomy (al-Tadhkira fī ʿilm al-hayʾa); the oldest manuscript dates from 1410, during his lifetime. al-Jurjani, Sharḥ al-Tadhkira; F. J. Ragep, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi’s Memoir on Astronomy (1993)

    依据: AI 草稿

    纳西尔丁·图西 › 1201–1274

  • 纳吉姆丁·卡提比

    受其影响

    Al-Jurjani wrote extensive glosses on Qutb al-Din al-Tahtani’s commentary on al-Katibi’s Shamsiyya, which were read with the text in the madrasas. al-Jurjani, Ḥāshiya ʿalā Taḥrīr al-qawāʿid al-manṭiqiyya (manuscripts Bodleian Library, Princeton 1412); K. El-Rouayheb, The Development of Arabic Logic (2019)

    依据: AI 草稿

    纳吉姆丁·卡提比 › 1203–1277

  • 阿杜德丁·伊吉

    受其影响

    Al-Jurjani’s Commentary on the Stations, completed in Samarqand in April 1405, explains, corrects and extends al-Iji’s Stations of Theology. al-Jurjani, Sharḥ al-Mawāqif (manuscripts Princeton, Garrett 4439Y; New Series 260)

    依据: AI 草稿

    阿杜德丁·伊吉 › 1281–1355

影响了 1

  • 贾拉勒丁·达瓦尼

    影响了

    Al-Dawani, a student of al-Jurjani’s students, treated him as an authority and appealed to his view in the dispute with Dashtaki over the Liar paradox. SEP “The Liar Paradox in Arabic and Islamic Philosophy” (2026), §3.5; R. Pourjavady, Philosophy in Early Safavid Iran (2011)

    依据: AI 草稿

    贾拉勒丁·达瓦尼 › 约1426–1502年

批评

批评了 1

  • 赛阿德丁·塔夫塔扎尼

    批评了

    Al-Jurjani disputed with al-Taftazani at Timur’s court in Samarqand, among other things on the “representative metaphor”, and argued against his readings in rhetoric and theology; the individual passages have not been checked here. Encyclopaedia Britannica, “al-Jurjānī”; Wikipedia “Al-Taftazani”

    依据: AI 草稿

    赛阿德丁·塔夫塔扎尼 › 1322–1390

作品

  • 约1400年定义集

    按字母排列的神学、哲学、法学、语法和苏菲主义术语词典，每个术语用一两句话定义；古斯塔夫·弗吕格尔于1845年编订出版，至今仍是标准工具书。

  • 1405《神学诸站》注

    对伊吉《神学诸站》的注释，1405年4月在撒马尔罕完成，献给帖木儿王子皮尔·穆罕默德：朱尔贾尼在每一步都加以解释、修正和扩展；数百年间，此书是奥斯曼、波斯和印度经学院凯拉姆课程的顶峰。

立场

Al-Jurjani is on the map as the great commentator of the post-classical madrasa. He wrote more than fifty works, many of them commentaries and glosses on the standard textbooks: on al-Katibi’s Shamsiyya through Qutb al-Din al-Tahtani’s commentary, on al-Iji’s Stations of Theology, on Nasir al-Din al-Tusi’s Memoir on Astronomy, on al-Sakkaki’s Key to the Sciences and, according to the SEP entry on Suhrawardi, on the Philosophy of Illumination. His Commentary on the Stations, completed in Samarqand in 1405, explains, corrects and extends al-Iji’s arguments step by step and became the summit of the kalām curriculum in Ottoman, Persian and Indian madrasas; it carries forward the theology in the tradition of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, in which the doctrines of the philosophers are examined in their own terms. His Book of Definitions, an alphabetical dictionary of the technical terms of theology, philosophy, law, grammar and Sufism, remains a standard reference. In his debates with al-Taftazani, among them one on the “representative metaphor”, he argued closely from the wording of texts and the intentions of speakers. In Shiraz he was remembered as an authority: Jalal al-Din al-Dawani and Sadr al-Din Dashtaki, students of his students, both appealed to him in their dispute over the Liar paradox, though they reported his view differently.

生平与背景

ʿAli ibn Muhammad al-Jurjani, known as al-Sayyid al-Sharif, was born in 1340 in Tagu near Astarabad in Gorgan, south-east of the Caspian Sea. After his studies he taught in Shiraz, where his fame as a teacher spread. When Timur took Shiraz in 1387 he carried al-Jurjani off to Samarqand, where he met al-Taftazani and taught and wrote for many years. After Timur’s death in 1405 he returned to Shiraz and died there in 1413.

其他主要作品

  • Commentary on the Stations (Sharḥ al-Mawāqif, 1405)
  • The Book of Definitions (Kitāb al-Taʿrīfāt)
  • Glosses on Qutb al-Din al-Tahtani’s commentary on the Shamsiyya
  • Commentary on al-Tusi’s Memoir on Astronomy (Sharḥ al-Tadhkira)
  • Commentary on al-Sakkaki’s Key (al-Miṣbāḥ fī sharḥ al-Miftāḥ)

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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