波爱修
命运随意地给予和夺走，所以真正的幸福只在于不会失去的东西——即善本身，也就是上帝。
定位
把亚里士多德的逻辑著作译成拉丁文，并在狱中写下《哲学的慰藉》。
核心思想
- 命运之轮
- 共相问题
影响
受影响于 4
柏拉图
受其影响 ✓
Boethius’ Consolation of Philosophy (c. 524) summarises Plato’s Timaeus in the hymn ‘O qui perpetua’ and takes up recollection and the ascent to the Good. Boethius, Consolatio philosophiae III m. 9, III m. 11; SEP “Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius”
柏拉图 › 公元前428—前348年
亚里士多德
受其影响 ✓
Boethius planned to translate all of Aristotle, to comment on him and show his agreement with Plato; his logical translations became the basis of early medieval logic. Boethius, In Aristotelis Peri hermeneias, editio secunda II, prologue; SEP “Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius”
亚里士多德 › 公元前384—前322年
波菲利
受其影响 ✓
Boethius translated Porphyry’s Isagoge and wrote two commentaries on it, turning its unanswered questions about genera and species into the medieval problem of universals. Boethius, In Isagogen Porphyrii commenta (editio prima, editio secunda); SEP “The Medieval Problem of Universals”
依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata
波菲利 › 约234–305年
影响了 4
坎特伯雷的安瑟伦
影响了
Anselm’s dialectic, as in De grammatico, works with the Aristotelian logic of the Categories and On Interpretation, known to him through Boethius’ translations and commentaries. Anselm, De grammatico; J. Marenbon, Early Medieval Philosophy (1983); SEP “Saint Anselm”
依据: AI 草稿
坎特伯雷的安瑟伦 › 1033–1109
彼得·阿伯拉尔
影响了
Abelard wrote his logic largely as glosses on Boethius’ translations and commentaries and took the problem of universals from Boethius’ commentary on Porphyry. Abelard, Logica ‘Ingredientibus’; Boethius, In Isagogen Porphyrii, editio secunda; SEP “Peter Abelard”
依据: 亦见于 InPhO · InPhO
彼得·阿伯拉尔 › 1079–1142
托马斯·阿奎那
影响了 ✓
Aquinas commented on Boethius’ On the Trinity and De hebdomadibus and adopted his definitions of person and of eternity (Summa theologiae I q. 29, q. 10). Thomas Aquinas, Super Boetium De Trinitate; Expositio libri De hebdomadibus; Summa theologiae I q. 10 a. 1, q. 29 a. 1; SEP “Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius”
依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata
托马斯·阿奎那 › 约1225–1274年
克里斯蒂娜·德·皮桑
影响了
Christine modelled the third part of L’Avision Christine (1405) on Boethius’ Consolation, consoling herself in dialogue with Lady Philosophy. Christine de Pizan, L’Avision Christine (1405), part III; Boethius, Consolatio philosophiae
依据: AI 草稿
克里斯蒂娜·德·皮桑 › 约1364–1430年
批评
受批评于 1
洛伦佐·瓦拉
受其批评
Valla rejected Boethius’ solution to divine foreknowledge and free will through God’s eternal present, offering his own analogies instead (De libero arbitrio, c. 1439). L. Valla, De libero arbitrio (c. 1439); SEP “Lorenzo Valla”
依据: AI 草稿
洛伦佐·瓦拉 › 约1407–1457年
作品
- 约524年哲学的慰藉
在狱中，哲学以女子的形象出现，就命运与天意给予安慰。
立场
Boethius set out to translate all of Plato and Aristotle into Latin and to show that they agreed; he completed only parts of Aristotle’s logic, which became the basis of early medieval learning. In The Consolation of Philosophy, Lady Philosophy visits the condemned man and leads him from lamenting the fickle wheel of Fortune to the insight that true happiness lies in the highest good, which is God. He also argues that divine foreknowledge does not destroy human freedom, because God sees all of time in an eternal present. The book was one of the most widely read works of the Middle Ages.
生平与背景
Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius came from a leading Roman senatorial family and served the Ostrogothic king Theodoric, rising to the high office of master of offices. Accused of treason and of conspiring with Byzantium, he was imprisoned at Pavia and executed around 524. In prison he wrote The Consolation of Philosophy.
其他主要作品
- Commentaries on Porphyry’s Isagoge and Aristotle’s logic (c. 505–520)
- Theological Tractates (c. 512–522)
- The Consolation of Philosophy (c. 524)
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