Agora思想的公共广场

坎特伯雷的安瑟伦

1033–1109

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

信仰寻求理解——而上帝作为可设想的最伟大的存在，必定存在，因为存在比仅仅被想象更伟大。

定位

中世纪与经院哲学 · 南欧 · 宗教, 形而上学, 逻辑学

常被称为经院哲学之父；本体论证明：上帝是无法设想比之更大者。

核心思想

  • 本体论证明
  • 我信，为的是理解（credo ut intelligam）

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影响

受影响于 2

  • 奥古斯丁

    受其影响

    In the Monologion’s preface Anselm said that nothing in it disagrees with the Fathers, especially Augustine’s De Trinitate, whose image of the Trinity in the mind he used. Anselm, Monologion (1076), prologue; SEP “Saint Anselm”

    依据: AI 草稿

    奥古斯丁 › 354–430

  • 波爱修

    受其影响

    Anselm’s dialectic, as in De grammatico, works with the Aristotelian logic of the Categories and On Interpretation, known to him through Boethius’ translations and commentaries. Anselm, De grammatico; J. Marenbon, Early Medieval Philosophy (1983); SEP “Saint Anselm”

    依据: AI 草稿

    波爱修 › 约477–524年

影响了 2

  • 波那文图拉

    影响了

    Bonaventure accepted Anselm’s argument from ‘that than which nothing greater can be thought’, holding God’s existence indubitable to a rightly disposed mind. Bonaventure, Quaestiones disputatae de mysterio Trinitatis q. 1 a. 1; SEP “Saint Bonaventure”; SEP “Ontological Arguments”

    依据: AI 草稿

    波那文图拉 › 约1221–1274年

  • 约翰·邓斯·司各脱

    影响了

    Scotus took over Anselm’s two affections of the will, for advantage and for justice, and ‘coloured’ his argument for God’s existence (Ordinatio I d. 2). Anselm, De casu diaboli; Duns Scotus, Ordinatio I d. 2 p. 1 qq. 1–2; II d. 6 q. 2; SEP “John Duns Scotus”

    依据: AI 草稿

    约翰·邓斯·司各脱 › 约1266–1308年

批评

受批评于 1

  • 托马斯·阿奎那 影响了

    影响了 ✓

    Aquinas took over Anselm’s account of Christ’s death as satisfaction in modified form (Summa theologiae III q. 48), while rejecting his proof from the concept of God. Anselm, Cur Deus homo (1098); Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologiae III q. 48 a. 2; I q. 2 a. 1; SEP “Thomas Aquinas”

    依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata

    受其批评

    Aquinas denied that God’s existence is self-evident to us: from the meaning of ‘God’ it follows only that God exists in the mind, not in reality. Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologiae I q. 2 a. 1 ad 2; Summa contra gentiles I.10–11

    依据: AI 草稿

    托马斯·阿奎那 › 约1225–1274年

作品

立场

Anselm’s motto was “faith seeking understanding” (fides quaerens intellectum): believers should use reason to grasp what they already believe. In the Proslogion he presented the famous ontological argument: God is “that than which nothing greater can be conceived”. If such a being existed only in the mind, one could conceive of a greater one existing in reality – a contradiction; so God must exist. The monk Gaunilo objected at once with his perfect island. Descartes and Leibniz restated the argument, while Kant’s critique became the classic objection. In Why God Became Man he explained the incarnation through his theory of satisfaction.

生平与背景

Anselm was born in Aosta in northern Italy and entered the Benedictine abbey of Bec in Normandy, drawn there by the teacher Lanfranc; he later became its abbot. In 1093 he was made Archbishop of Canterbury, where disputes with the English kings over the rights of the Church twice drove him into exile. He was later canonised and named a Doctor of the Church.

其他主要作品

  • Monologion (1076)
  • Why God Became Man (Cur Deus Homo, 1098)

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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