汉斯·约纳斯

Agora

汉斯·约纳斯

1903–1993

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

因为技术如今能够毁灭未来，我们有了一项新的义务：行动时要使地球上的人类生命得以延续。

定位

政治哲学与伦理学（20—21世纪） · 西欧 · 伦理学, 科学

《责任原理》：一种面向技术文明和后代的伦理学。

核心思想

责任命令
恐惧启发法

老师: 埃德蒙德·胡塞尔, 马丁·海德格尔

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影响

受影响于 2

伊曼努尔·康德

受其影响
Jonas recast Kant’s imperative for technology: ‘act so that the effects of your action are compatible with the permanence of genuine human life’ (Das Prinzip Verantwortung, 1979). H. Jonas, Das Prinzip Verantwortung (1979)
依据: AI 草稿
伊曼努尔·康德 › 1724–1804
埃德蒙德·胡塞尔师从

师从 ✓
Jonas began his studies in Freiburg in 1921, where he attended Husserl’s seminars and met the young Heidegger; a short period before his years with Heidegger in Marburg. H. Jonas, Erinnerungen (2003)
依据: AI 草稿
埃德蒙德·胡塞尔 › 1859–1938

批评

批评了 1

马丁·海德格尔师从

师从 ✓
Jonas followed Heidegger to Marburg and took his doctorate there in 1928 with a dissertation on the concept of gnosis, under Heidegger and Rudolf Bultmann; it grew into Gnosis und spätantiker Geist (1934). H. Jonas, Erinnerungen (2003)
依据: 亦见于 InPhO · InPhO
批评了
Jonas warned theologians against borrowing from Heidegger, whose call of Being knows no standard of good, and read existentialism as a nihilistic gnosticism (‘Heidegger and Theology’, 1964). H. Jonas, “Heidegger and Theology”, Review of Metaphysics 18 (1964), 207–233; “Gnosticism, Existentialism, and Nihilism”, epilogue to The Gnostic Religion (2nd ed. 1963)
依据: AI 草稿
马丁·海德格尔 › 1889–1976

作品

1979责任原理
为技术文明提出的一项新命令。

立场

Jonas began as a historian of Gnosticism, then developed a philosophy of the organism: even the simplest metabolism shows a freedom and inwardness that link all life to the human mind. His best-known work, The Imperative of Responsibility, starts from the observation that modern technology has given human action a reach that traditional ethics never foresaw: our deeds affect the whole biosphere and distant generations. Jonas therefore formulated a new imperative: “Act so that the effects of your action are compatible with the permanence of genuine human life on earth.” Since the long-term consequences are uncertain, he recommended a “heuristics of fear,” giving more weight to the bad prognosis than to the good. His work became a foundation of environmental and bioethics.

生平与背景

Jonas was born in Mönchengladbach in 1903 and studied with Husserl, Heidegger and the theologian Rudolf Bultmann; his dissertation was on Gnosticism. In 1933 he emigrated to England and Palestine and fought in the Jewish Brigade of the British Army; his mother was murdered in Auschwitz. From 1955 he taught at the New School for Social Research in New York; in 1987 he received the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade.