विल्फ्रिड सेलर्स
अनुभव में हमें अवधारणाओं के बिना कुछ भी बस दिया नहीं जाता – जानने का अर्थ कारण दे पाना है, कारणों के एक दायरे के भीतर।
पृष्ठभूमि
“दत्त के मिथक” की आलोचना; प्रकट और वैज्ञानिक प्रतिबिंब।
मुख्य विचार
- दत्त का मिथक
- कारणों का क्षेत्र
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 4
इमानुएल कांट
जिनसे प्रभावित
Sellars took up Kant’s distinction between sensibility and understanding for his account of sensory and conceptual elements in perception (Science and Metaphysics: Variations on Kantian Themes, 1968). W. Sellars, Science and Metaphysics: Variations on Kantian Themes (John Locke Lectures 1965–66; publ. 1968); SEP “Wilfrid Sellars”
साक्ष्य: InPhO में भी · InPhO
इमानुएल कांट › 1724–1804
चार्ल्स सैंडर्स पियर्स
जिनसे प्रभावित
Sellars took over Peirce’s idea of truth as the ideal end of inquiry, calling the final conceptual framework of science ‘Peirceish’ (Science and Metaphysics, 1968). W. Sellars, Science and Metaphysics: Variations on Kantian Themes (1968); SEP “Wilfrid Sellars”; SEP “Charles Sanders Peirce”
साक्ष्य: InPhO में भी · InPhO
चार्ल्स सैंडर्स पियर्स › 1839–1914
लुडविग विट्गेंश्टाइन
जिनसे प्रभावित
Sellars took up Wittgenstein’s language games and met the regress of rules with pattern-governed behaviour that precedes explicit rule-obeying (‘Some Reflections on Language Games’, 1954). W. Sellars, “Some Reflections on Language Games”, Philosophy of Science 21 (1954); SEP “Wilfrid Sellars”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
लुडविग विट्गेंश्टाइन › 1889–1951
रुडोल्फ कार्नैप
जिनसे प्रभावित
Sellars developed Carnap’s logical syntax and semantics into a ‘pure pragmatics’ of rule-governed language, the frame of his later epistemology (‘Pure Pragmatics and Epistemology’, 1947). W. Sellars, “Pure Pragmatics and Epistemology”, Philosophy of Science 14 (1947); “Autobiographical Reflections” (1975); SEP “Wilfrid Sellars”
साक्ष्य: InPhO में भी · InPhO
रुडोल्फ कार्नैप › 1891–1970
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 1
रिचर्ड रोर्टी
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Rorty took Sellars’s critique of the ‘Myth of the Given’ (1956) as a key argument against foundationalism, later introducing the 1997 edition of the essay. W. Sellars, Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind (1956), introd. R. Rorty (1997); R. Rorty, Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature (1979); SEP “Richard Rorty”
साक्ष्य: InPhO में भी · InPhO
रिचर्ड रोर्टी › 1931–2007
आलोचना
जिनकी आलोचना की 2
बर्टराण्ड रसेल
जिनकी आलोचना की
Sellars argued that Russell’s acquaintance either involves concepts or is not knowledge (‘Acquaintance and Description Again’, 1949), later calling such views the ‘Myth of the Given’ (1956). W. Sellars, “Acquaintance and Description Again”, Journal of Philosophy 46 (1949); “Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind” (1956); B. Russell, The Problems of Philosophy (1912), ch. 5
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
बर्टराण्ड रसेल › 1872–1970
ए. जे. एयर
जिनकी आलोचना की
Sellars’s ‘Myth of the Given’ critique targeted sense-datum theories; he examined Ayer’s view of sense-datum talk as ‘another language’ (‘Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind’, 1956, §§ 8–9). W. Sellars, “Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind” (1956), part II, §§ 8–9; A. J. Ayer, The Foundations of Empirical Knowledge (1940)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
ए. जे. एयर › 1910–1989
कृतियाँ
दत्त का मिथक।
मत
Sellars’ most famous target was the “myth of the given”: the idea that knowledge rests on a foundation of pure sensory givens that are known without any concepts. Even the simplest perceptual report, he argued, already stands in the “logical space of reasons” – it can be justified and challenged and presupposes mastery of a whole conceptual system. Sellars also described the tension between the “manifest image” of the world, in which we experience ourselves as persons, and the “scientific image” of particles and processes, and sought to unite them in a single “stereoscopic” view. His work founded the so-called Pittsburgh School; Richard Rorty, Robert Brandom and John McDowell built on it.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Sellars was born in Ann Arbor in 1912, the son of the philosopher Roy Wood Sellars. He studied in Michigan, Buffalo and, as a Rhodes Scholar, at Oxford, then taught in Iowa, Minnesota and at Yale. From 1963 he worked at the University of Pittsburgh. With Herbert Feigl he founded the journal Philosophical Studies.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind (1956)
- Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man (1962)
- Science, Perception and Reality (1963)
- Science and Metaphysics (1968)
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