लू श्यांगशान
सबका सिद्धांत पुस्तकों और वस्तुओं में बाहर नहीं बल्कि आपके अपने मन में है – इसलिए पहले भीतर देखें।
पृष्ठभूमि
झू शी के महान विरोधी: सिद्धांत बाहर वस्तुओं के अध्ययन से नहीं मिलता, बल्कि अपने ही हृदय-मन में है – “ब्रह्मांड मेरा मन है”।
मुख्य विचार
- हृदय-मन ही सिद्धांत है (शिन जी ली)
- झू शी के साथ हंस-झील की बहस
- महान आधार की स्थापना
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 2
मेनसियस
जिनसे प्रभावित
Lu Jiuyuan said he learned the Way by reading the Mencius on his own, taking from it the original mind (benxin) and the rule of securing first what is greater in us. Lu Jiuyuan, Xiangshan quanji, recorded sayings; W.-t. Chan, A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy (1963)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
मेनसियस › लगभग 372–289 ईसा पूर्व
चेंग हाओ
जिनसे प्रभावित
Lu Jiuyuan named Mencius, not the Cheng brothers, as his source; Feng Youlan (1934) read Cheng Hao as forerunner of Lu’s learning of the mind (xinxue). Feng Youlan, Zhongguo zhexue shi II (1934), tr. D. Bodde, A History of Chinese Philosophy II (1953)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
चेंग हाओ › 1032–1085
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 1
वांग यांगमिंग
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Prefacing Lu Jiuyuan’s collected works (1520), Wang Yangming declared that the learning of the sages is the learning of the mind, placing Lu in its line. Wang Yangming, Xiangshan wenji xu (1520); W.-t. Chan, Instructions for Practical Living (1963); SEP “Wang Yangming”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
वांग यांगमिंग › 1472–1529
आलोचना
परस्पर आलोचना 1
झू शी ⇄ परस्पर
जिनकी आलोचना की
Lu Jiuyuan held that Zhu Xi’s path of study and investigating things was fragmented, since the mind itself is principle (Goose Lake meeting, 1175; letters of 1188). Lu Jiuyuan, Xiangshan quanji; W.-t. Chan, Chu Hsi: New Studies, 1989
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित
Zhu Xi faulted Lu Jiuyuan for neglecting study and the investigation of things and for leaning towards Chan Buddhism, as at the Goose Lake meeting of 1175. Zhu Xi, Zhuzi yulei 124; W.-t. Chan, Chu Hsi: New Studies, 1989
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
झू शी › 1130–1200
मत
Lu Jiuyuan held that the heart-mind is principle (xin ji li): moral principles are not outside things to be studied piecemeal but are fully present in the original mind that, as Mencius taught, everyone has. Hence his saying that the universe is my mind, and my mind the universe. The task is to “establish the great foundation” by recovering this mind; study is secondary – the classics, he said, are footnotes to the self. At Goose Lake he called Zhu Xi’s method fragmented, while Zhu found Lu’s approach too simple and close to Chan Buddhism. Wang Yangming took up his teaching, hence the Lu–Wang school.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Lu Jiuyuan was born in 1139 in Jinxi (Jiangxi), the youngest of six brothers in a large family that kept a common household. He passed the jinshi examination in 1172 and soon attracted many students. In 1175 he debated with Zhu Xi at the Goose Lake Temple. From 1187 he taught on Elephant Mountain (Xiangshan), which gave him his name; he died in 1193 as prefect of Jingmen.
प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Poems exchanged at the Goose Lake meeting (1175)
- Letters to Zhu Xi on the Supreme Polarity (1188)
- Collected Works of Master Xiangshan (Xiangshan xiansheng quanji, posthumous)
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