Lu Jiuyuan
Zasada wszystkiego nie jest gdzieś na zewnątrz, w księgach i przedmiotach, lecz w twoim własnym umyśle – więc patrz najpierw do wnętrza.
Umiejscowienie
Wielki przeciwnik Zhu Xi: zasady nie znajduje się, badając rzeczy na zewnątrz, lecz tkwi ona we własnym sercu-umyśle – „wszechświat jest moim umysłem”.
Kluczowe idee
- Serce-umysł jest zasadą (xin ji li)
- Debata nad Jeziorem Gęsim z Zhu Xi
- Ustanowienie wielkiego fundamentu
Wpływ
Pod wpływem 2
Mencjusz
pod wpływem
Lu Jiuyuan said he learned the Way by reading the Mencius on his own, taking from it the original mind (benxin) and the rule of securing first what is greater in us. Lu Jiuyuan, Xiangshan quanji, recorded sayings; W.-t. Chan, A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy (1963)
Źródło: szkic AI
Mencjusz › ok. 372–289 p.n.e.
Cheng Hao
pod wpływem
Lu Jiuyuan named Mencius, not the Cheng brothers, as his source; Feng Youlan (1934) read Cheng Hao as forerunner of Lu’s learning of the mind (xinxue). Feng Youlan, Zhongguo zhexue shi II (1934), tr. D. Bodde, A History of Chinese Philosophy II (1953)
Źródło: szkic AI
Cheng Hao › 1032–1085
Wpływ na 1
Wang Yangming
wpływ na
Prefacing Lu Jiuyuan’s collected works (1520), Wang Yangming declared that the learning of the sages is the learning of the mind, placing Lu in its line. Wang Yangming, Xiangshan wenji xu (1520); W.-t. Chan, Instructions for Practical Living (1963); SEP “Wang Yangming”
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Wang Yangming › 1472–1529
Krytyka
Wzajemna krytyka 1
Zhu Xi ⇄ wzajemnie
krytykuje
Lu Jiuyuan held that Zhu Xi’s path of study and investigating things was fragmented, since the mind itself is principle (Goose Lake meeting, 1175; letters of 1188). Lu Jiuyuan, Xiangshan quanji; W.-t. Chan, Chu Hsi: New Studies, 1989
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krytyka ze strony
Zhu Xi faulted Lu Jiuyuan for neglecting study and the investigation of things and for leaning towards Chan Buddhism, as at the Goose Lake meeting of 1175. Zhu Xi, Zhuzi yulei 124; W.-t. Chan, Chu Hsi: New Studies, 1989
Źródło: szkic AI
Zhu Xi › 1130–1200
Stanowisko
Lu Jiuyuan held that the heart-mind is principle (xin ji li): moral principles are not outside things to be studied piecemeal but are fully present in the original mind that, as Mencius taught, everyone has. Hence his saying that the universe is my mind, and my mind the universe. The task is to “establish the great foundation” by recovering this mind; study is secondary – the classics, he said, are footnotes to the self. At Goose Lake he called Zhu Xi’s method fragmented, while Zhu found Lu’s approach too simple and close to Chan Buddhism. Wang Yangming took up his teaching, hence the Lu–Wang school.
Życie i kontekst
Lu Jiuyuan was born in 1139 in Jinxi (Jiangxi), the youngest of six brothers in a large family that kept a common household. He passed the jinshi examination in 1172 and soon attracted many students. In 1175 he debated with Zhu Xi at the Goose Lake Temple. From 1187 he taught on Elephant Mountain (Xiangshan), which gave him his name; he died in 1193 as prefect of Jingmen.
Główne dzieła
- Poems exchanged at the Goose Lake meeting (1175)
- Letters to Zhu Xi on the Supreme Polarity (1188)
- Collected Works of Master Xiangshan (Xiangshan xiansheng quanji, posthumous)
Pojawia się w
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