वाल्टर बेन्यामीन
यांत्रिक पुनरुत्पादन कला से उसका आभामंडल छीन लेता है, और इतिहास विजेताओं की ओर से नहीं बल्कि पराजितों की ओर से लिखा जाना चाहिए।
पृष्ठभूमि
आभा, रूपक और पराजितों का इतिहास: तकनीकी पुनरुत्पादन के युग में कला-कृति।
मुख्य विचार
- आभा
- इतिहास का देवदूत
- फ्लानर (flâneur)
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 8
इमानुएल कांट
जिनसे प्रभावित
In ‘On the Programme of the Coming Philosophy’ (1918) Benjamin kept Kant’s system as the frame but demanded a higher concept of experience that includes religious experience. W. Benjamin, “Über das Programm der kommenden Philosophie” (written 1917–18, printed 1963); SEP “Walter Benjamin”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
इमानुएल कांट › 1724–1804
कार्ल मार्क्स
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Benjamin read the Paris arcades through Marx’s commodity fetishism as phantasmagoria (‘Paris, the Capital of the Nineteenth Century’, 1935) and joined historical materialism with messianism (1940). W. Benjamin, “Paris, die Hauptstadt des XIX. Jahrhunderts” (exposé, 1935); “Über den Begriff der Geschichte” (1940); SEP “Walter Benjamin”
कार्ल मार्क्स › 1818–1883
हेर्मान कोहेन
जिनसे प्रभावित
Benjamin read Cohen’s Kants Theorie der Erfahrung critically with Scholem in 1918; Astrid Deuber-Mankowsky traces Cohen’s concepts as the foil of Benjamin’s early theory of knowledge. G. Scholem, Walter Benjamin – die Geschichte einer Freundschaft (1975); A. Deuber-Mankowsky, Der frühe Walter Benjamin und Hermann Cohen (2000)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
हेर्मान कोहेन › 1842–1918
गेऑर्ग ज़िमेल
जिनसे प्रभावित
Benjamin noted for the Arcades Project that his concept of origin (1928) transposed Goethe’s concept of truth, as Simmel presented it (Goethe, 1913), from nature to history. W. Benjamin, Das Passagen-Werk (written 1927–40, publ. 1982), convolute N; G. Simmel, Goethe (1913)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
गेऑर्ग ज़िमेल › 1858–1918
जॉर्ज लुकाच
जिनसे प्रभावित ✓
Benjamin read History and Class Consciousness (1923) on Capri in 1924 and wrote to Scholem that Lukács reached epistemological positions partly close to his own. W. Benjamin, letter to G. Scholem (Sept. 1924), in Briefe (1966); G. Lukács, Geschichte und Klassenbewußtsein (1923)
जॉर्ज लुकाच › 1885–1971
कार्ल श्मिट
जिनसे प्रभावित
Benjamin drew on Schmitt’s Political Theology (1922) for sovereignty and the state of exception in Origin of the German Trauerspiel (1928), acknowledging the debt in a letter (1930). W. Benjamin, Ursprung des deutschen Trauerspiels (1928); letter to C. Schmitt (9 Dec. 1930); H. Bredekamp, “From Walter Benjamin to Carl Schmitt, via Thomas Hobbes”, Critical Inquiry 25 (1999)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
कार्ल श्मिट › 1888–1985
सभी दिखाएँ (8)कम दिखाएँ
योहान याकोब बाखोफ़ेन
जिनसे प्रभावित
In ‘Johann Jakob Bachofen’ (written 1935, printed 1954) Benjamin set out Bachofen’s matriarchal prehistory and its rival readings, from Engels to Klages. W. Benjamin, “Johann Jakob Bachofen” (written 1935 in French for the Nouvelle Revue Française, printed 1954)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
योहान याकोब बाखोफ़ेन › 1815–1887
आबी वारबर्ग
जिनसे प्रभावित
For the melancholy section of Origin of the German Trauerspiel (1928) Benjamin drew on Warburg’s study of pagan-antique prophecy in Luther’s time (1920) and on Panofsky and Saxl. W. Benjamin, Ursprung des deutschen Trauerspiels (1928); A. Warburg, “Heidnisch-antike Weissagung in Wort und Bild zu Luthers Zeiten” (1920); E. Panofsky and F. Saxl, Dürers „Melencolia I“ (1923)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
आबी वारबर्ग › 1866–1929
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 4
थियोडोर डब्ल्यू. एडोर्नो
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया ✓
Adorno’s inaugural lecture ‘The Actuality of Philosophy’ (1931) adopted the method of constellations from Benjamin’s Origin of the German Trauerspiel (1928), interpreting reality through configurations of its elements. T. W. Adorno, “Die Aktualität der Philosophie” (lecture, 1931); W. Benjamin, Ursprung des deutschen Trauerspiels (1928); S. Buck-Morss, The Origin of Negative Dialectics (1977)
थियोडोर डब्ल्यू. एडोर्नो › 1903–1969
हाना आरंट
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया ✓
Arendt edited Benjamin’s Illuminations (1968) and in her introduction described his thinking as ‘pearl diving’ that breaks fragments of thought from the past. H. Arendt, “Walter Benjamin: 1892–1940”, introduction to W. Benjamin, Illuminations (1968); repr. in Men in Dark Times (1968)
हाना आरंट › 1906–1975
ज़ाँ बोद्रियार
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया ✓
Baudrillard took Benjamin’s analysis of technical reproducibility (1935–36) as a step toward his order of simulacra, in which reproduction precedes any original (L’échange symbolique et la mort, 1976). J. Baudrillard, L’échange symbolique et la mort (1976); W. Benjamin, “Das Kunstwerk im Zeitalter seiner technischen Reproduzierbarkeit” (1935–36); SEP “Jean Baudrillard”
ज़ाँ बोद्रियार › 1929–2007
जोरजो आगाम्बेन
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया ✓
Agamben took Benjamin’s thesis that the state of emergency has become the rule (1940) and his ‘Critique of Violence’ (1921) as starting points of State of Exception (2003). G. Agamben, Stato di eccezione (2003); W. Benjamin, “Zur Kritik der Gewalt” (1921); “Über den Begriff der Geschichte” (1940); SEP “Walter Benjamin”
जोरजो आगाम्बेन › जन्म 1942
कृतियाँ
आभा की हानि – और कला का राजनीतिकरण।
इतिहास का देवदूत और प्रगति का तूफ़ान।
मत
Benjamin combined Jewish messianism, Marxism and a keen eye for the details of modern life. In his essay on the work of art he argued that technical reproduction – photography and film – destroys the “aura”, the unique here-and-now of the original, and opens art to mass politics, for better or worse. His unfinished Arcades Project read nineteenth-century Paris, its shopping arcades and the figure of the flâneur, as the dream world of capitalism. In his last theses he rejected the faith in progress: the “angel of history” sees one single catastrophe piling up wreckage. History must be rescued in moments that redeem the hopes of the defeated.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Benjamin grew up in a wealthy Jewish family in Berlin. When the Frankfurt faculty advised him in 1925 to withdraw his habilitation thesis, he lived as a critic, essayist and translator of Proust and Baudelaire, close to Gershom Scholem, Bertolt Brecht and Adorno. From 1933 he lived in exile in Paris. Fleeing the Nazis in 1940, he took his own life at the Spanish border in Portbou.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- The Origin of German Tragic Drama (1928)
- One-Way Street (1928)
- The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction (1935)
- The Arcades Project, unfinished (1927–1940)
- On the Concept of History (1940)
नवंबर 2026 तक · स्रोत · इस पृष्ठ को बेहतर बनाएँ · Agora कैसे बना है