آن كانواي
كل المخلوقات مصنوعة من جوهر روحي حي واحد بدرجات متفاوتة، فلا انقسام حاد بين العقل والجسد.
التموضع
فيلسوفة إنكليزية قريبة من أفلاطونيي كامبريدج: علّمت ضد ديكارت وهوبز وسبينوزا بواحدية حيوية للروح أثنى عليها لايبنتس.
الأفكار الرئيسة
- الواحدية الحيوية
- نقد ثنائية العقل والجسد
- كل المخلوقات قابلة للكمال
التأثير
تأثّر بـ 1
أفلاطون
تأثّر بـ
Conway knew Plato’s legacy chiefly through Henry More and the Cambridge Platonists; her Principles (1690) take up a Platonist scale of beings through which creatures rise toward perfection. A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690; English 1692); S. Hutton, Anne Conway: A Woman Philosopher (2004); SEP “Anne Conway”
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
أفلاطون › 428–348 ق.م
أثّر في 1
غوتفريد لايبنتس
أثّر في
Leibniz, who knew her Principles (1690) through van Helmont, wrote in 1697 that his views came ‘somewhat close’ to Conway’s; how far she shaped him is debated. G. W. Leibniz, letter to T. Burnett (1697); A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690); SEP “Anne Conway”
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
غوتفريد لايبنتس › 1646–1716
النقد
ينتقد 3
توماس هوبز
انتقد
Conway rejected Hobbes’s materialism, including his claim that God is corporeal, holding that body as Hobbes conceives it could neither think nor feel (Principles, 1690, ch. 9). A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690), ch. 9; SEP “Anne Conway”
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
توماس هوبز › 1588–1679
رينيه ديكارت
انتقد
Conway held against Descartes that body and spirit differ only in degree, so matter is not dead extension (Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy, 1690). A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690), chs. 7–9; SEP “Anne Conway”
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
رينيه ديكارت › 1596–1650
باروخ سبينوزا
انتقد
Conway charged that Spinoza confounds God and creatures in one substance, and distinguished three kinds of being: God, Christ and creatures (Principles, 1690, ch. 9). A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690), chs. 5–6, 9; SEP “Anne Conway”
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
باروخ سبينوزا › 1632–1677
الأعمال
الله والمسيح والمخلوقات: ثمة نوع واحد من الجوهر، حي وقابل للكمال.
الموقف
Conway’s only treatise, published in Latin after her death, rejects the dualism of Descartes as well as the materialism of Hobbes and the pantheism of Spinoza. There are three kinds of being: God, Christ as mediator, and creatures. All creatures share one substance; body and spirit differ only in degree, matter being spirit in a dense and sluggish state. Every creature is alive and capable of change, suffering purifies rather than destroys, and creatures can rise toward ever greater perfection. Leibniz, who learned of her work through Francis Mercury van Helmont, praised it, and today she is read as an original metaphysician of her century.
الحياة والسياق
Anne Finch was born in London in 1631 into a prominent family and educated privately. Through her brother she began a lifelong philosophical friendship with the Cambridge Platonist Henry More. Married to Edward Conway, she lived mostly at Ragley Hall in Warwickshire, tormented by severe headaches that no physician could cure. Late in life she joined the Quakers. She died in 1679.
أعمال رئيسة أخرى
- The Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy (1690)
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