Anne Conway
Wszystkie stworzenia składają się z jednej żywej substancji duchowej w różnych stopniach, więc nie ma ostrego podziału między umysłem a ciałem.
Umiejscowienie
Angielska filozofka związana z platonikami z Cambridge: wbrew Kartezjuszowi, Hobbesowi i Spinozie nauczała witalistycznego monizmu ducha, który chwalił Leibniz.
Kluczowe idee
- Monizm witalistyczny
- Krytyka dualizmu umysłu i ciała
- Wszystkie stworzenia mogą się doskonalić
Wpływ
Pod wpływem 1
Platon
pod wpływem
Conway knew Plato’s legacy chiefly through Henry More and the Cambridge Platonists; her Principles (1690) take up a Platonist scale of beings through which creatures rise toward perfection. A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690; English 1692); S. Hutton, Anne Conway: A Woman Philosopher (2004); SEP “Anne Conway”
Źródło: szkic AI
Platon › 428–348 p.n.e.
Wpływ na 1
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
wpływ na
Leibniz, who knew her Principles (1690) through van Helmont, wrote in 1697 that his views came ‘somewhat close’ to Conway’s; how far she shaped him is debated. G. W. Leibniz, letter to T. Burnett (1697); A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690); SEP “Anne Conway”
Źródło: szkic AI
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz › 1646–1716
Krytyka
Krytykuje 3
Thomas Hobbes
krytykuje
Conway rejected Hobbes’s materialism, including his claim that God is corporeal, holding that body as Hobbes conceives it could neither think nor feel (Principles, 1690, ch. 9). A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690), ch. 9; SEP “Anne Conway”
Źródło: szkic AI
Thomas Hobbes › 1588–1679
Kartezjusz
krytykuje
Conway held against Descartes that body and spirit differ only in degree, so matter is not dead extension (Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy, 1690). A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690), chs. 7–9; SEP “Anne Conway”
Źródło: szkic AI
Kartezjusz › 1596–1650
Baruch Spinoza
krytykuje
Conway charged that Spinoza confounds God and creatures in one substance, and distinguished three kinds of being: God, Christ and creatures (Principles, 1690, ch. 9). A. Conway, Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690), chs. 5–6, 9; SEP “Anne Conway”
Źródło: szkic AI
Baruch Spinoza › 1632–1677
Dzieła
Bóg, Chrystus i stworzenia: istnieje tylko jeden rodzaj substancji, żywej i zdolnej do doskonalenia się.
Stanowisko
Conway’s only treatise, published in Latin after her death, rejects the dualism of Descartes as well as the materialism of Hobbes and the pantheism of Spinoza. There are three kinds of being: God, Christ as mediator, and creatures. All creatures share one substance; body and spirit differ only in degree, matter being spirit in a dense and sluggish state. Every creature is alive and capable of change, suffering purifies rather than destroys, and creatures can rise toward ever greater perfection. Leibniz, who learned of her work through Francis Mercury van Helmont, praised it, and today she is read as an original metaphysician of her century.
Życie i kontekst
Anne Finch was born in London in 1631 into a prominent family and educated privately. Through her brother she began a lifelong philosophical friendship with the Cambridge Platonist Henry More. Married to Edward Conway, she lived mostly at Ragley Hall in Warwickshire, tormented by severe headaches that no physician could cure. Late in life she joined the Quakers. She died in 1679.
Dalsze główne dzieła
- The Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy (1690)
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