Agora思想的公共广场

斯瓦米·维韦卡南达

1863–1902

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

神性存在于每个人之中，所以服务他人就是服务上帝——而一切宗教都是通向同一真理的道路。

定位

南亚与藏传哲学 · 南亚 · 宗教, 伦理学

1893年在芝加哥向西方介绍吠檀多的僧人：一种以服务为本的“实践吠檀多”，以及一切宗教的和谐。

核心思想

  • 实践吠檀多
  • 宗教的和谐
  • 王瑜伽（raja yoga）

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影响

受影响于 2

  • 帕坦伽利

    受其影响

    Vivekananda’s Raja Yoga (1896) translated and commented on Patanjali’s Yoga Sutra, presenting it as an experimental science of the mind. Swami Vivekananda, Raja Yoga (1896); E. De Michelis, A History of Modern Yoga (2004)

    依据: AI 草稿

    帕坦伽利 › 约325–400年

  • 商羯罗

    受其影响

    Vivekananda placed Shankara’s Advaita at the summit of Hinduism and turned it into a ‘practical Vedanta’ of service to others (lectures in London, 1896). Swami Vivekananda, Practical Vedanta (lectures, London 1896); A. Rambachan, The Limits of Scripture (1994)

    依据: AI 草稿

    商羯罗 › 约700–750年 · 通行断代 788–820

影响了 1

  • 萨瓦帕利·拉达克里希南

    影响了

    Radhakrishnan recalled how students passed round Vivekananda’s speeches and letters, stirring pride in Indian culture; he carried on Vivekananda’s presentation of Vedanta as a universal religion. R. N. Minor, Radhakrishnan: A Religious Biography (1987); IEP “Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan”

    依据: AI 草稿

    萨瓦帕利·拉达克里希南 › 1888–1975

批评

受批评于 1

  • 威廉·詹姆斯

    受其批评

    In Pragmatism (1907) James quoted Vivekananda, “the paragon of Vedantist missionaries”, as the voice of absolute monism – emotionally reassuring, but rejected for his pluralism; the Varieties (1902) cite his Raja Yoga on mystical states. W. James, Pragmatism (1907), Lecture IV “The One and the Many”; The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902), Lectures XVI–XVII

    依据: AI 草稿

    威廉·詹姆斯 › 1842–1910

作品

  • 1896胜王瑜伽（Raja Yoga）

    纽约讲座，附有对帕坦伽利《瑜伽经》的翻译：瑜伽是一门向所有人开放的心智科学。

立场

Vivekananda presented Hinduism to the West as a universal, rational religion with Advaita Vedanta at its summit. All religions, he taught following Ramakrishna, are paths to the same truth; the soul is divine, and the task of life is to manifest that divinity. His “practical Vedanta” turned non-dualism into an ethic of service: to serve the poor is to worship God. He described four yogas – of work, devotion, knowledge and meditation – and in Raja Yoga read Patanjali’s Yoga Sutra as a science of the mind, shaping modern yoga. Scholars debate how far he reshaped the tradition and set a spiritual East against a material West; Hindu nationalists later claimed him.

生平与背景

Narendranath Datta was born in 1863 in Calcutta and studied Western philosophy there. In 1881 he met the mystic Ramakrishna, became his disciple and, after his master’s death, took monastic vows as Swami Vivekananda. Having wandered across India, he spoke at the Parliament of the World’s Religions in Chicago in 1893 and taught in America and England. In 1897 he founded the Ramakrishna Mission. He died in 1902.

其他主要作品

  • Addresses at the Parliament of Religions (1893)
  • Karma Yoga (1896)

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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