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奥利金

约185–253年

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

经文在字面意义之下有多层意义，灵魂在出生之前就已存在，而他希望最终它们全都回归上帝。

定位

希腊化时期、罗马与古代晚期哲学 · 西亚与北非 · 宗教, 形而上学

亚历山大的教父：第一个系统的基督教神学，对圣经的三重意义的解读，以及所有灵魂都回归上帝的希望。

核心思想

  • 圣经的三重意义
  • 灵魂的先在
  • 万物复原（apokatastasis）

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影响

受影响于 2

  • 柏拉图

    受其影响

    Porphyry reports that Origen was always reading Plato; On First Principles takes up Platonic themes such as God’s incorporeality and the soul’s ascent (Eusebius, Church History VI.19). Eusebius, Church History VI.19 (Porphyry, Against the Christians); Origen, On First Principles I.1; IEP “Origen of Alexandria”

    依据: 亦见于 InPhO · InPhO

    柏拉图 › 公元前428—前348年

  • 亚历山大的斐洛

    受其影响

    Origen took over Philo’s allegorical reading of Scripture and used his exegesis, naming him only occasionally; Philo’s works survived through Origen’s library at Caesarea. D. T. Runia, Philo in Early Christian Literature (1993); IEP “Philo of Alexandria”

    依据: AI 草稿

    亚历山大的斐洛 › 约公元前20年—公元50年年

影响了 2

  • 约翰·司各特·爱留根纳

    影响了

    Eriugena took up Origen’s doctrine of the return of all things to God in Periphyseon V, qualifying it with Augustinian elements. John Scottus Eriugena, Periphyseon V; D. Heide, ‘Ἀποκατάστασις: The Resolution of Good and Evil in Origen and Eriugena’, Dionysius 33 (2015); SEP “John Scottus Eriugena”

    依据: AI 草稿

    约翰·司各特·爱留根纳 › 约815–877年

  • 鹿特丹的伊拉斯谟

    影响了

    Erasmus recommended Origen as an interpreter of Scripture in the Enchiridion (1503) and took up his spiritual exegesis; his edition of Origen appeared in 1536. Erasmus, Enchiridion militis christiani (1503); Origenis opera (Basel, 1536); SEP “Desiderius Erasmus”

    依据: AI 草稿

    鹿特丹的伊拉斯谟 › 约1466–1536年

批评

受批评于 1

  • 波菲利

    受其批评

    Porphyry accused Origen of reading Greek philosophy into the Jewish scriptures by allegory and of trading a Greek education for a ‘barbarian’ creed. Porphyry, Against the Christians, in Eusebius, Historia ecclesiastica VI.19.4–8

    依据: AI 草稿

    波菲利 › 约234–305年

作品

立场

Origen created the first systematic Christian theology. His On First Principles tells a story of departure and return: rational beings created by God fell away from him through negligence and became angels, humans or demons according to the depth of their fall; the visible world is a school that educates them back to God. Because freedom is never lost, he hoped for the restoration of all (apokatastasis). Scripture, like a human being, has body, soul and spirit – a literal, a moral and a spiritual sense. Some of his teachings were condemned centuries later, yet his influence remained immense.

生平与背景

Origen was born around 185 in Alexandria to Christian parents; his father died a martyr around 202. While still young he took charge of instructing converts and lived a strictly ascetic life. After a conflict with his bishop he settled in the early 230s in Caesarea in Palestine and founded a school there. Tortured in the Decian persecution, he died around 253, probably in Tyre.

其他主要作品

  • Commentary on the Gospel of John (begun c. 230)
  • Against Celsus (Contra Celsum, c. 248)

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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