阿莉·罗素·霍克希尔德

Agora

阿莉·罗素·霍克希尔德

1940年生

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

许多工作要求我们管理并出售自己的情感，比如空乘人员的微笑——而职业女性在家里往往还要面对第二轮班，即家务劳动。

定位

社会学与社会理论 · 北美 · 社会与历史, 性别与女性主义

提出了“情感劳动”这一概念：情感依社会规则被管理，并作为一份工作的一部分被出售——而在家中，职业女性要做“第二轮班”。

核心思想

情感劳动
情感规则
第二轮班
全球照护链
共情之墙与深层故事

老师: 欧文·戈夫曼

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影响

受影响于 3

卡尔·马克思

受其影响
Hochschild opened The Managed Heart (1983) with Marx’s child worker in Capital: as factory work estranged workers from their labour, emotional labour can estrange them from their feelings. A. R. Hochschild, The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling (1983); K. Marx, Das Kapital I (1867)
依据: AI 草稿
卡尔·马克思 › 1818–1883
C. 赖特·米尔斯

受其影响 ✓
Hochschild started from Mills’s ‘personality market’ in White Collar (1951), where salespeople sell their personality, and studied how such emotional labour is managed (The Managed Heart, 1983). A. R. Hochschild, The Managed Heart (1983); C. W. Mills, White Collar: The American Middle Classes (1951)
依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata
C. 赖特·米尔斯 › 1916–1962
欧文·戈夫曼师从

师从
Hochschild studied sociology at Berkeley (MA 1965, PhD 1969) and names Goffman among the teachers there she was privileged to work with; The Managed Heart (1983) builds on his dramaturgy. Classroom teaching, not supervision. UC Berkeley, Department of Sociology, alumni page “Arlie Hochschild (1962)”; A. R. Hochschild, The Managed Heart (1983)
依据: AI 草稿
欧文·戈夫曼 › 1922–1982

影响了 1

伊娃·易洛思

影响了
Illouz built on Hochschild’s feeling rules and emotional labour (The Managed Heart, 1983) to describe how capitalism and intimacy shape each other (Cold Intimacies, 2007). E. Illouz, Cold Intimacies (2007); A. R. Hochschild, The Managed Heart (1983)
依据: AI 草稿
伊娃·易洛思 › 1961年生

作品

1983被管理的心
空乘人员和讨债人受雇来生产情感：“情感劳动”使对自己情绪的管理变成一种商品。

立场

Hochschild helped found the sociology of emotions on the insight that feelings are not only private states but are shaped by social rules. In The Managed Heart (1983), based on research with Delta Air Lines flight attendants and with bill collectors, she showed that many service jobs require “emotional labour”: workers must produce a feeling in others – calm, trust, fear – by managing their own. “Feeling rules” prescribe what one ought to feel at a funeral or a wedding, and we comply by “surface acting” or, more deeply, by changing the feeling itself. When the company owns the smile, workers can become estranged from their own emotions, much as Marx’s factory workers were estranged from their labour. The Second Shift (1989) found that employed mothers in dual-earner couples still did most of the housework and childcare – a “stalled revolution”. Later she followed care across borders in “global care chains”, in which migrant women look after children in rich countries while others look after their own children at home. In Strangers in Their Own Land she tried to climb the “empathy wall” between liberal and conservative America by reconstructing the “deep story” – the story as felt – behind people’s politics.

生平与背景

Arlie Russell Hochschild was born in Boston in 1940. Her father was a diplomat, and she later recalled wondering, as a child at her parents’ receptions, whether the diplomats’ smiles were real. She studied international relations at Swarthmore College and sociology at the University of California, Berkeley, where Erving Goffman was among her teachers, and took her doctorate there in 1969. After teaching at Santa Cruz she returned to Berkeley in 1971 and taught there until her retirement; she is professor emerita. She is married to the writer Adam Hochschild. Beyond academic sociology she has reached a wide public: Strangers in Their Own Land (2016), about Tea Party supporters in Louisiana, was a finalist for the National Book Award.