伊丽莎白·安德森

Agora

伊丽莎白·安德森

1959年生

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

平等意味着没有人支配任何其他人，而不是每个人得到同样的份额——而现代职场是一种私人政府。

定位

政治哲学与伦理学（20—21世纪） · 北美 · 政治与法, 伦理学, 认识论, 性别与女性主义

密歇根的实用主义哲学家：平等关乎关系——没有人支配任何人——而不是物品的分配；职场是一种自由主义理论未能看到的“私人政府”；她还撰写过关于女性主义认识论的著作。

核心思想

关系平等
私人政府
民主认识论

老师: 约翰·罗尔斯

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影响

受影响于 4

约翰·斯图尔特·密尔

受其影响
Anderson read Mill’s ‘experiments in living’ as a model of how ethical knowledge is gained and revised through experience (‘John Stuart Mill and Experiments in Living’, 1991). E. Anderson, “John Stuart Mill and Experiments in Living”, Ethics 102 (1991); J. S. Mill, On Liberty (1859)
依据: AI 草稿
约翰·斯图尔特·密尔 › 1806–1873
约翰·杜威

受其影响
Anderson defended Dewey’s experimentalist model of democracy, in which citizens learn from the consequences of policies, against jury-theorem and market models (‘The Epistemology of Democracy’, 2006). E. Anderson, “The Epistemology of Democracy”, Episteme 3 (2006); J. Dewey, The Public and Its Problems (1927)
依据: AI 草稿
约翰·杜威 › 1859–1952
约翰·罗尔斯师从

师从
Anderson took her PhD at Harvard in 1987 under Rawls with a dissertation on value in ethics and in economics, which became Value in Ethics and Economics (1993). Mathematics Genealogy Project, entry E. S. Anderson (Harvard 1987); E. Anderson, Value in Ethics and Economics (1993)
依据: AI 草稿
约翰·罗尔斯 › 1921–2002
阿马蒂亚·森

受其影响
Anderson used Sen’s capability approach to define democratic equality as access to the capabilities needed to function as an equal citizen (‘What Is the Point of Equality?’, 1999). E. Anderson, “What Is the Point of Equality?”, Ethics 109 (1999); A. Sen, Inequality Reexamined (1992)
依据: AI 草稿
阿马蒂亚·森 › 1933年生

作品

1999平等的意义何在？
反对运气平等主义：平等是自由人之间的一种社会关系，而不是一种分配模式。
2017私人政府
雇主像政府一样统治工人——是无须问责的政府；为什么自由主义理论没有看到这一点。

立场

Anderson’s article “What Is the Point of Equality?” criticised the “luck egalitarianism” of Dworkin, Arneson and Cohen, which holds that justice should compensate people for bad luck but not for their choices: it treats citizens as objects of pity and demands intrusive judgments of responsibility. Equality, she argues, is about social relations: a society in which no one is dominated, marginalised or treated as inferior, and all have the capabilities to function as equal citizens. “Private Government” argues that employers exercise a form of government over workers – dictating conduct inside and sometimes outside work, without accountability – which liberal political thought, fixated on the state, has failed to see.

生平与背景

Elizabeth Anderson (born 1959) studied at Swarthmore College and took her doctorate at Harvard in 1987 under John Rawls. She has taught at the University of Michigan since then, where she is John Dewey Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy and Women’s Studies. She received a MacArthur Fellowship in 2019. Her work combines political philosophy, ethics, social epistemology and the philosophy of the social sciences, and she identifies with the pragmatist tradition.