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Iris Murdoch

1919–1999

Pierwsze przybliżeniecelowe uproszczenie – portret mówi więcej

Moralność jest głównie sprawą uwagi – widzenia innych ludzi sprawiedliwie i z miłością, co powoli uwalnia nas od egoistycznych fantazji.

Umiejscowienie

Filozofia analityczna · Europa Północna · Etyka, Estetyka, Religia

Filozofka i pisarka z Oksfordu: moralność jest sprawą uwagi – sprawiedliwego i kochającego spojrzenia na rzeczywistość, które przezwycięża ja.

Kluczowe idee

  • Uwaga moralna
  • Suwerenność Dobra
  • Wyzbycie się siebie

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Wpływ

Pod wpływem 2

  • Platon

    pod wpływem

    Murdoch took Plato’s Good, pictured as the sun, as the indefinable focus of moral attention (1970) and examined his distrust of art (The Fire and the Sun, 1977). I. Murdoch, The Sovereignty of Good (1970); The Fire and the Sun: Why Plato Banished the Artists (1977); SEP “Iris Murdoch”

    Źródło: także w InPhO · InPhO

    Platon › 428–348 p.n.e.

  • Simone Weil

    pod wpływem

    Murdoch borrowed Weil’s word ‘attention’ for ‘a just and loving gaze directed upon an individual reality’, the core of moral life (The Sovereignty of Good, 1970). I. Murdoch, The Sovereignty of Good (1970); S. Weil, “Réflexions sur le bon usage des études scolaires” (1942), in Attente de Dieu (1950); SEP “Iris Murdoch”; SEP “Simone Weil”

    Źródło: także w InPhO · InPhO

    Simone Weil › 1909–1943

Wpływ na 3

  • Mary Midgley

    wpływ na

    Midgley, Murdoch’s fellow student at Oxford, followed her critique of Sartre’s solitary choosing will and wrote on her moral philosophy (‘Sorting out the Zeitgeist’, 1998). M. Midgley, “Sorting out the Zeitgeist: The Moral Philosophy of Iris Murdoch” (1998); C. Mac Cumhaill and R. Wiseman, Metaphysical Animals (2022); SEP “Iris Murdoch”

    Źródło: szkic AI

    Mary Midgley › 1919–2018

  • Martha Nussbaum

    wpływ na

    Nussbaum took up Murdoch’s idea of moral attention as just and loving perception in arguing that novels can do moral philosophy (Love’s Knowledge, 1990). M. C. Nussbaum, Love’s Knowledge: Essays on Philosophy and Literature (1990); I. Murdoch, The Sovereignty of Good (1970)

    Źródło: szkic AI

    Martha Nussbaum › ur. 1947

  • Alice Crary

    wpływ na

    Crary followed Murdoch in holding that moral work lies in learning to see situations justly, so that the world, rightly perceived, has moral features (Beyond Moral Judgment, 2007). A. Crary, Beyond Moral Judgment (2007); I. Murdoch, The Sovereignty of Good (1970)

    Źródło: szkic AI

    Alice Crary › ur. 1967

Krytyka

Krytykuje 2

  • Jean-Paul Sartre

    krytykuje

    Murdoch objected that Sartre’s solitary, choosing will in an empty world leaves out moral vision and the reality of other people (Sartre: Romantic Rationalist, 1953). I. Murdoch, Sartre: Romantic Rationalist (1953); The Sovereignty of Good (1970)

    Źródło: szkic AI

    Jean-Paul Sartre › 1905–1980

  • Richard Hare

    krytykuje

    Murdoch objected that Hare’s prescriptivism reduces morality to choice and universalisable rules, neglecting moral vision and the patient work of attention (The Sovereignty of Good, 1970). I. Murdoch, “Vision and Choice in Morality”, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, suppl. 30 (1956); The Sovereignty of Good (1970), “The Idea of Perfection”

    Źródło: szkic AI

    Richard Hare › 1919–2002

Dzieła

Stanowisko

Murdoch criticized the moral philosophy of her time, both existentialist and analytic, for reducing ethics to the free choices of an empty will. Moral life, she argued, happens largely before any choice: in how we see. Her example is a mother-in-law who slowly learns to see her daughter-in-law not as vulgar but as refreshingly simple. Such a just and loving gaze requires “unselfing,” overcoming the self-centred fantasy that distorts reality. Following Plato and Simone Weil, she placed the Good at the centre as a sovereign, indefinable reality that draws us like the sun. Her work inspired the revival of virtue ethics and moral realism.

Życie i kontekst

Iris Murdoch was born in Dublin in 1919 and grew up in London. She studied classics and philosophy at Oxford, worked during and after the war in the civil service and with refugees for the United Nations, and taught philosophy at St Anne’s College, Oxford, from 1948. She published 26 novels, winning the Booker Prize in 1978. She died in Oxford in 1999.

Dalsze główne dzieła

  • Sartre: Romantic Rationalist (1953)
  • Under the Net (1954)
  • Metaphysics as a Guide to Morals (1992)

Źródła: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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