एडिथ श्टाइन
हम दूसरे लोगों को समानुभूति से जानते हैं, उनके अनुभव को उनका अनुभव मानकर सीधे महसूस करते हुए – और आस्था तथा दर्शन को सत्ता के एक दृष्टिकोण में जोड़ा जा सकता है।
पृष्ठभूमि
सहानुभूति (empathy) की घटना-विज्ञानी; हुसल को थामस एक्विनास से जोड़ा। 1942 में ऑशविट्ज़ में हत्या।
मुख्य विचार
- सहानुभूति
- सीमित और शाश्वत सत्ता
गुरु: एडमुंड हुसल
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 4
थामस एक्विनास
जिनसे प्रभावित
Stein compared Husserl with Aquinas (1929), translated De veritate (1931–32) and joined both in Endliches und ewiges Sein (written 1935–37; publ. 1950). E. Stein, “Husserls Phänomenologie und die Philosophie des hl. Thomas v. Aquino” (1929); Des hl. Thomas von Aquino Untersuchungen über die Wahrheit, trans. E. Stein (1931–32); Endliches und ewiges Sein (publ. 1950); SEP “Edith Stein”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
थामस एक्विनास › लगभग 1225–1274
अविला की तेरेसा
जिनसे प्रभावित
Stein read Teresa’s Life in 1921, before her baptism; as a Carmelite she wrote a short life of Teresa (1934) and interpreted her Interior Castle (‘Die Seelenburg’, 1936). E. Stein, Liebe um Liebe. Leben und Werk der heiligen Teresa von Jesus (1934); “Die Seelenburg” (written 1936), in Endliches und ewiges Sein (publ. 1950); SEP “Edith Stein”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
अविला की तेरेसा › 1515–1582
एडमुंड हुसल जिनसे पढ़ा
जिनसे पढ़ा ✓
Stein studied with Husserl in Göttingen from 1913, took her doctorate under him in Freiburg in 1916 with a thesis on empathy and was his first paid assistant from October 1916 to February 1918, transcribing and editing his manuscripts. SEP “Edith Stein”
एडमुंड हुसल › 1859–1938
मैक्स शेलर
जिनसे प्रभावित
Stein heard Scheler in Göttingen and discussed his theory of the perception of other minds, partly critically, in her dissertation On the Problem of Empathy (1917). E. Stein, Zum Problem der Einfühlung (1917); Aus dem Leben einer jüdischen Familie (written 1933–35; publ. 1965); SEP “Edith Stein”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
मैक्स शेलर › 1874–1928
आलोचना
जिनकी आलोचना की 1
मार्टिन हाइडेगर
जिनकी आलोचना की
Stein objected that Heidegger’s analysis of Dasein never asks whence thrown, finite existence receives its being, and so closes itself off from eternal being (‘Martin Heideggers Existenzphilosophie’, 1936). E. Stein, “Martin Heideggers Existenzphilosophie” (written 1936 as an appendix to Endliches und ewiges Sein; publ. 1962); SEP “Edith Stein”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
मार्टिन हाइडेगर › 1889–1976
कृतियाँ
हम दूसरों के अनुभव का अनुभव कैसे करते हैं?
मत
Stein’s dissertation asked a basic question of phenomenology: how do we experience the inner life of another person? Empathy, she argued, is a unique kind of act in which we grasp another’s experience as theirs, given to us but not lived by us – distinct both from our own feelings and from mere inference. This analysis of empathy is fundamental for understanding intersubjectivity, community and the person. In her later work she sought to connect Husserl’s phenomenology with the thought of Thomas Aquinas, developing a philosophy of finite and eternal being. She also wrote on the education and vocation of women.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Born into a Jewish family in Breslau, Stein studied with Husserl in Göttingen, earned her doctorate under him and became his assistant, but was denied a professorship as a woman. In 1922 she converted to Catholicism and later entered the Carmelite convent in Cologne as Teresa Benedicta of the Cross. She was murdered at Auschwitz in 1942 and canonised in 1998.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- On the Problem of Empathy (1917)
- Philosophy of Psychology and the Humanities (1922)
- Finite and Eternal Being (written 1935–1937, published 1950)
- The Science of the Cross (written 1941–1942, published 1950)
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