निशिदा कितारो
निशिदा के अनुसार, संसार को स्व और वस्तुओं में बाँटने से पहले शुद्ध अनुभव है – और सब वस्तुएँ परम शून्यता के स्थान में उत्पन्न होती हैं।
पृष्ठभूमि
क्योटो संप्रदाय के संस्थापक: शुद्ध अनुभव और परम शून्यता के स्थान (बाशो) का तर्क।
मुख्य विचार
- शुद्ध अनुभव
- बाशो
- परम शून्यता
शिष्य: निशितानी केइजी
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 5
दोगेन
जिनसे प्रभावित
Nishida rarely cites Dōgen, so the link is uncertain; scholars compare his self-awareness of nothingness with Dōgen’s ‘to study the self is to forget the self’ (Genjōkōan). G. Kopf, Beyond Personal Identity: Dōgen, Nishida, and a Phenomenology of No-Self (2001); Dōgen, Shōbōgenzō, Genjōkōan (1233); Nishida Kitarō, “Bashoteki ronri to shūkyōteki sekaikan” (1945), tr. D. A. Dilworth, Last Writings (1987)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
दोगेन › 1200–1253
योहान गॉटलीब फ़िशटे
जिनसे प्रभावित
In Intuition and Reflection in Self-Consciousness (1917) Nishida took up Fichte’s self-positing act (Tathandlung) to work out self-awareness as the unity of intuition and reflection. Nishida Kitarō, Jikaku ni okeru chokkan to hansei (1917), tr. V. H. Viglielmo et al., Intuition and Reflection in Self-Consciousness (1987); SEP “Nishida Kitarō”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
योहान गॉटलीब फ़िशटे › 1762–1814
गेऑर्ग विल्हेल्म फ़्रीडरिश हेगल
जिनसे प्रभावित
Nishida measured his logic of place against Hegel’s dialectic in ‘Hegel’s Dialectic as Seen from My Standpoint’ (1931), later reworking it as the dialectic of absolutely contradictory self-identity. Nishida Kitarō, “Watakushi no tachiba kara mita Hēgeru no benshōhō” (1931), in Mu no jikakuteki gentei (1932); SEP “Nishida Kitarō”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
गेऑर्ग विल्हेल्म फ़्रीडरिश हेगल › 1770–1831
विलियम जेम्स
जिनसे प्रभावित
Nishida’s An Inquiry into the Good (1911) took up William James’s ‘pure experience’ and made it the sole reality, prior to the distinction of subject and object. Nishida Kitarō, Zen no kenkyū (1911), tr. M. Abe & C. Ives, An Inquiry into the Good (1990); W. James, “A World of Pure Experience” (1904); SEP “Nishida Kitarō”
साक्ष्य: InPhO में भी · InPhO
विलियम जेम्स › 1842–1910
आँरी बेर्गसोन
जिनसे प्रभावित
In essays collected in Thinking and Experience (1915) Nishida discussed Bergson’s method and pure duration as a kindred account of experience before subject and object divide. Nishida Kitarō, Shisaku to taiken (1915); SEP “Nishida Kitarō”
साक्ष्य: InPhO में भी · InPhO
आँरी बेर्गसोन › 1859–1941
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 1
निशितानी केइजी जिन्हें पढ़ाया
जिन्हें पढ़ाया
Nishitani entered Kyoto Imperial University in 1921 to study with Nishida, whose writings had drawn him to philosophy, and graduated in 1924 with a thesis on Schelling and Bergson. J. W. Heisig, Philosophers of Nothingness (2001); SEP “The Kyoto School”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
निशितानी केइजी › 1900–1990
आलोचना
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित 1
तानाबे हाजिमे
जिनके द्वारा आलोचित
Tanabe criticised Nishida’s ‘place of absolute nothingness’ as a religious, Plotinian intuition that bypasses dialectical mediation, and later countered it with his ‘logic of species’. Tanabe Hajime, ‘Nishida sensei no oshie o aogu’ (1930); SEP “Tanabe Hajime”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
तानाबे हाजिमे › 1885–1962
कृतियाँ
- 1911शुभ की एक पड़ताल
विषयी और वस्तु के उद्गम के रूप में शुद्ध अनुभव।
मत
Nishida sought to think Western philosophy through from an East Asian experience. His starting point was “pure experience”, an immediate awareness prior to the split into subject and object, in which knower and known are not yet separated. Later he developed the “logic of place” (basho): every being is situated in a field, and the ultimate field is “absolute nothingness”, which embraces and makes possible all oppositions. Reality is a “self-identity of absolute contradictories”. His work founded the Kyoto School and opened a dialogue between Buddhism and European philosophy; his wartime writings on the Japanese state remain controversial.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Nishida Kitarō was born near Kanazawa and taught for many years at Kyoto Imperial University, where he founded what became known as the Kyoto School. He combined intensive Zen practice with the study of Western philosophy, from Hegel and William James to the Neo-Kantians. His Inquiry into the Good (1911) is often regarded as the first original work of modern Japanese philosophy.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- An Inquiry into the Good (1911)
- From the Acting to the Seeing (1927)
- The Logic of Place and the Religious Worldview (1945)
इनमें आता है
- यात्रा ‘एशिया और यूरोप संवाद में’ · 11 में से पड़ाव 8
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