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जोंग याक-योंग (दासान)

1762–1836

पहली झलकजानबूझकर सरलीकृत – परिचय में और विस्तार है

मानव स्वभाव शुभ की ओर झुकाव है, सद्गुण अच्छे कर्म से अर्जित होता है, और शासन जनता की सेवा के लिए है।

पृष्ठभूमि

पूर्वी एशियाई दर्शन · पूर्वी एशिया · नीतिशास्त्र, राजनीति और विधि

कोरियाई “व्यावहारिक विद्या” (सिलहाक) के विचारक, 18 वर्ष निर्वासित: मानव-स्वभाव रुचि की एक प्रवृत्ति है, सद्गुण कर्म में अर्जित होता है, और शासन को जनता की सेवा करनी चाहिए।

मुख्य विचार

  • रुचि के रूप में स्वभाव (गिहो)
  • अभ्यास से सद्गुण
  • जनता के शासन पर उपदेश

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प्रभाव

जिनसे प्रभावित 3

  • कन्फ्यूशियस

    जिनसे प्रभावित

    In his Old and New Commentaries on the Analects (Noneo gogeumju, 1813) Jeong Yak-yong read Confucius’ humaneness as realised in practice between persons, not as an inner principle. Jeong Yak-yong, Noneo gogeumju (1813); M. Setton, Chŏng Yagyong: Korea’s Challenge to Orthodox Neo-Confucianism (1997)

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    कन्फ्यूशियस › परंपरागत रूप से 551–479 ईसा पूर्व

  • मेनसियस

    जिनसे प्रभावित

    Jeong Yak-yong read Mencius’ four sprouts as beginnings of virtues completed only in action, so that humaneness exists only after it is practised (Maengja youi, 1814). Jeong Yak-yong, Maengja youi (1814); M. Setton, Chŏng Yagyong: Korea’s Challenge to Orthodox Neo-Confucianism (1997)

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    मेनसियस › लगभग 372–289 ईसा पूर्व

  • यी ह्वांग

    जिनसे प्रभावित

    Jeong Yak-yong read Yi Hwang’s letters as guides to self-examination and recorded his reflections as a private disciple of Toegye (Dosan sasungnok). Jeong Yak-yong, Dosan sasungnok, in Yeoyudang jeonseo; M. Setton, Chŏng Yagyong: Korea’s Challenge to Orthodox Neo-Confucianism (1997)

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    यी ह्वांग › 1501–1570

आलोचना

जिनकी आलोचना की 1

  • झू शी

    जिनकी आलोचना की

    Jeong Yak-yong (Dasan) rejected Zhu Xi’s identification of human nature with principle, defining it as an inclination (giho) to delight in goodness, realised through practice. Jeong Yak-yong, Maengja youi; M. Setton, Chŏng Yagyong: Korea’s Challenge to Orthodox Neo-Confucianism, 1997

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    झू शी › 1130–1200

कृतियाँ

मत

Dasan reinterpreted the Confucian classics against Zhu Xi’s metaphysics. Human nature is not principle (li) but a disposition of preference (giho): we delight in the good and feel shame at evil, as we have a taste for food. Virtues such as humaneness are not innate substances but names for actions performed – only one who has actually served his parents can be called filial. Humans have free choice and stand under a watchful Lord on High (Sangje), an idea some scholars link to his reading of Catholic writings. Politically he demanded land reform and a government that exists for the people. He is regarded as the culmination of silhak.

जीवन और संदर्भ

Jeong Yak-yong, known as Dasan, was born in 1762 near Seoul into a family of the Southerners faction. He passed the state examination in 1789 and served King Jeongjo, helping to plan the fortress of Hwaseong. Early contact with Catholic writings made him suspect: in the persecution of 1801 one brother was executed, and Dasan was exiled, mostly in Gangjin, until 1818. He died in 1836.

अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ

  • Design for Good Government (Gyeongse yupyo, 1817, unfinished)
  • Admonitions on Governing the People (Mongmin simseo, 1818)
  • Toward a Just Penal Administration (Heumheum sinseo, 1819)

इनमें आता है

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