موزي

الأعمال

• نحو 400 ق.مموزي

  ضد الحرب والترف والمحاباة الكونفوشيوسية: الرعاية للجميع.

• نحو 300 ق.مقوانين الموهية (موجينغ)

  جمعها أتباع موزي المتأخرون: تعريفات وحجج في المنطق والأخلاق والبصريات والهندسة – أكثر أعمال المنطق الصينية المبكرة منهجيةً.

الموقف

Mozi was the first great critic of Confucianism. He rejected its graded love, centred on the family, in favour of jian ai, impartial or inclusive care for all people. Actions and institutions are to be judged by their consequences – whether they benefit the people by bringing wealth, order and a growing population. On this basis he condemned offensive war, lavish funerals and costly court music as harmful waste. He also argued that Heaven wills impartial care and rewards those who practise it. His consequentialist reasoning and the later Mohists’ work on logic and argument make him one of the most original thinkers of ancient China.

الحياة والسياق

Mozi (Mo Di) lived in the fifth century BCE, shortly after Confucius; he may have come from a background of craftsmen. He founded a tightly organised movement whose members were known as skilled engineers of defensive warfare and travelled to help besieged cities. The Mohist school flourished for about two centuries and then disappeared.

أعمال رئيسة أخرى

• Mozi (compiled by his followers, c. 4th–3rd century BCE)

يرد في

• رحلة «الحوار الصيني» · المحطة 3 من 9
• نقاش «الحرب والسلم: متى يكون استخدام القوة المسلحة مسوَّغًا؟»