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泽拉·雅各布

相传 1599–1692

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

归于他名下的《哈塔塔》教导说：借着上帝赐给每个人的理性之光来检验每一个宗教主张——你会发现所有人都是平等的。

定位

非洲与非洲裔哲学 · 撒哈拉以南非洲 · 宗教, 认识论, 伦理学

埃塞俄比亚思想家，为躲避迫害藏身于洞穴，以“理性之光”检验一切宗教主张——记录在《哈塔塔》（Hatata，1667年）中。其作者身份自1920年以来一直有争议：孔蒂·罗西尼认为它出自传教士朱斯托·达·乌尔比诺之手，他在1850年代提供了手稿；克劳德·萨姆纳、盖塔切乌·哈伊勒等人则主张作者是埃塞俄比亚人。此问题仍无定论。

核心思想

  • 理性的探究（hatata）
  • 所有人平等
  • 对宗教权威的批判

学生: 瓦尔达·海瓦特

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影响

影响了 1

  • 瓦尔达·海瓦特 教过

    教过 存在争议 ✓

    Known only from the two Hatatas themselves: Zera Yacob’s treatise says he taught the sons of his patron Habtu, among them Walda Heywat, at whose request he wrote, and Walda Heywat presents his own treatise as his teacher’s continuation; the authenticity of both texts has been disputed since Conti Rossini (1920). C. Sumner, Ethiopian Philosophy II: The Treatise of Zär’a Ya‘ǝqob and of Wäldä Ḥeywat (1976); R. Lee, Mehari Worku & W. L. Belcher (trs.), The Hatata Inquiries (2023)

    依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata

    瓦尔达·海瓦特 › 约1630–1700年

作品

  • 1667Hatata（探究）

    一部自传性的探究：所有宗教都自称掌握真理，但只有理性才能判定上帝真正的意愿。（其作者身份长期存在争议。）

立场

Zera Yacob’s Hatata (“inquiry”) of 1667, written at the request of his pupil Walda Heywat, records his reflections. Seeing Christians, Muslims and Jews condemn one another, he asked how to know who is right, and answered: by the light of reason God gives every human. God exists and is good, but scriptures are human works and must be tested; rules that contradict reason and the order of creation, such as monastic celibacy or the subordination of women, cannot be God’s will. All humans are equal. Its authorship has been disputed since 1920, when Carlo Conti Rossini attributed it to the Capuchin missionary Giusto da Urbino, who had supplied the manuscript in the 1850s; Eugen Mittwoch added linguistic arguments in 1934. Claude Sumner and others defended Ethiopian authorship from the 1970s, the historian Anaïs Wion has since renewed the doubts, and scholars remain divided.

生平与背景

Zera Yacob was born in 1599 near Aksum in Ethiopia to a poor farming family and received a traditional church education. When King Susenyos favored Catholicism, he was denounced and fled, living for about two years in a cave near the Tekezé river. He then settled at Enfraz, where he worked for a wealthy man named Habtu, married and taught. According to the text, he died in 1692.

出现在

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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