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迦比尔

约1440–1518年

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

上帝没有形相，也不属于任何宗教或种姓；印度教徒和穆斯林的仪式与经典同样错过了在内心所能找到的东西。

定位

南亚与藏传哲学 · 南亚 · 宗教, 伦理学, 社会与历史

贝拿勒斯的织工诗人：他的歌谣嘲讽印度教徒和穆斯林的仪式与经典，寻求内在的、无形的、向所有种姓开放的神。

核心思想

  • 无相虔信（nirguna bhakti）
  • 对仪式和种姓的批判
  • 超越印度教徒与穆斯林的神

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影响

影响了 2

  • 罗宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔

    影响了

    Tagore translated One Hundred Poems of Kabir (1915, with Evelyn Underhill) from Kshitimohan Sen’s collection; many of the poems are of doubtful authenticity. R. Tagore (tr.), One Hundred Poems of Kabir (1915); C. Vaudeville, Kabir (1974)

    依据: AI 草稿

    罗宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔 › 1861–1941

  • B. R. 安贝德卡尔

    影响了 ✓

    Ambedkar named Kabir, with the Buddha and Phule, as one of his three teachers; he had grown up in a family devoted to Kabir’s teaching. B. R. Ambedkar, speech at Purandare Stadium, Bombay, 28 Oct. 1954; D. Keer, Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission (1954; 3rd ed. 1971)

    依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata

    B. R. 安贝德卡尔 › 1891–1956

立场

Kabir’s couplets and songs proclaim a God without attributes or form (nirguna), whom he calls Ram, Hari or Allah and who is found within the heart through love, the divine name and the guidance of the true guru. With biting irony he mocked Brahmin and mullah alike, idols and mosques, pilgrimage, fasting and caste: before God all are equal. Which of the thousands of verses ascribed to him are authentic is often uncertain. His poems entered the Sikh scripture and inspired the Kabir Panth; Tagore translated a selection, partly of doubtful authenticity, and Ambedkar counted Kabir, with the Buddha and Phule, among his three teachers.

生平与背景

Kabir grew up in a family of Muslim weavers (julaha) in Benares. His dates are uncertain: tradition gives 1398–1518, and modern estimates range from about 1398–1448 to 1440–1518. He probably could not read or write; his poems were sung and passed on orally. Legend makes him a disciple of the Hindu teacher Ramananda, which historians doubt, and has him die at Maghar, where Hindus and Muslims disputed his body.

主要作品

  • Bijak (scripture of the Kabir Panth, compiled after his death)
  • Kabir Granthavali (collection transmitted in Rajasthan, manuscripts from c. 1600)
  • Verses in the Sikh Adi Granth (compiled 1604)
  • Songs of Kabir (English selection by Tagore, 1915)

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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