安德烈亚斯·雷克维茨

Agora

安德烈亚斯·雷克维茨

1970年生

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

如今，独一无二、与众不同比普通正常更受推崇，而这一新的理想把社会分成赢家和输家。

定位

社会学与社会理论 · 西欧 · 社会与历史, 美学, 政治与法

把晚期现代性诊断为“独特性社会”：重要的不再是标准，而是独一无二——这一转变把赢家与输家、新旧中产阶级分隔开来。

核心思想

独特性社会
创造力命令
社会的文化化
失去作为现代性的问题

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影响

受影响于 5

格奥尔格·齐美尔

受其影响
Reckwitz took up Simmel’s ‘qualitative individualism’, the valuing of the individual as unique, and made singularity the guiding logic of late-modern society (Die Gesellschaft der Singularitäten, 2017). A. Reckwitz, Die Gesellschaft der Singularitäten (2017); reply to critics, Analyse & Kritik (2022); G. Simmel, “Die beiden Formen des Individualismus” (1901)
依据: AI 草稿
格奥尔格·齐美尔 › 1858–1918
马克斯·韦伯

受其影响
Reckwitz described industrial modernity’s logic of generality in terms of Weber’s formal rationalisation, set against late modernity’s logic of the singular (Die Gesellschaft der Singularitäten, 2017). A. Reckwitz, Die Gesellschaft der Singularitäten (2017); SEP “Max Weber”
依据: AI 草稿
马克斯·韦伯 › 1864–1920
米歇尔·福柯

受其影响
Reckwitz drew on Foucault’s genealogy of subjectivation to trace bourgeois, organised-modern and postmodern subject cultures from the eighteenth century to the present (Das hybride Subjekt, 2006). A. Reckwitz, Das hybride Subjekt. Eine Theorie der Subjektkulturen von der bürgerlichen Moderne zur Postmoderne (2006); SEP “Michel Foucault”
依据: AI 草稿
米歇尔·福柯 › 1926–1984
皮埃尔·布迪厄

受其影响
Reckwitz built his theory of social practices on Bourdieu’s habitus and practical sense, treating society as routinised practices guided by implicit knowledge (‘Grundelemente einer Theorie sozialer Praktiken’, 2003). A. Reckwitz, “Grundelemente einer Theorie sozialer Praktiken”, Zeitschrift für Soziologie 32 (2003); Die Transformation der Kulturtheorien (2000)
依据: AI 草稿
皮埃尔·布迪厄 › 1930–2002
安东尼·吉登斯

受其影响
Reckwitz studied social theory at Cambridge (MPhil 1994), where Giddens then taught; in “Toward a Theory of Social Practices” (2002) he counts Giddens’s theory of structuration among the versions of practice theory he builds on. A. Reckwitz, “Toward a Theory of Social Practices”, European Journal of Social Theory 5:2 (2002), 243–263; A. Reckwitz, Die Transformation der Kulturtheorien (2000)
依据: AI 草稿
安东尼·吉登斯 › 1938年生

作品

2017独异性社会
晚期现代性奖励独特而非一般：一种由受过大学教育的新中产阶级所承载的独异化文化——并招致被其贬低者的怨恨。

立场

Reckwitz’s sociology starts from practice theory: society consists of routinised practices of bodies and things, and cultures are the orders of knowledge that guide them. On this basis he wrote a history of modern forms of subjectivity and, in Die Erfindung der Kreativität (2012), traced how creativity, once the privilege of artists, became a general social imperative. Die Gesellschaft der Singularitäten (2017) describes the shift from industrial modernity, governed by a logic of generality – standardisation, mass production, the norm of the average – to a late modernity governed by a logic of singularity, in which goods, places, experiences and persons gain value by being unique. Digital culture and the creative economy drive this singularisation. Its social carrier is the highly educated new middle class, whose lifestyle of self-realisation becomes the cultural standard, while the old middle class and a precarious service class lose status. Reckwitz links this polarisation to the rise of populism and the crisis of liberalism, the theme of Das Ende der Illusionen (2019). In Verlust (2024) he argues that modernity, oriented towards progress, has systematically neglected experiences of loss, which now return politically – from climate anxiety to nostalgia.

生平与背景

Andreas Reckwitz was born in 1970 in Witten in the Ruhr. He studied sociology, political science and philosophy in Bonn, Hamburg and Cambridge, where he took a master’s degree under Anthony Giddens in 1994. He gained his doctorate at the University of Hamburg in 1999 with a study of the transformation of cultural theories, and his habilitation there in 2005. He was professor at the University of Konstanz (2005–10) and at the European University Viadrina in Frankfurt (Oder) (2010–20), and since 2020 has held a chair of sociology at the Humboldt University of Berlin. Die Gesellschaft der Singularitäten (2017) won the Bavarian Book Prize, and in 2019 he received the Leibniz Prize of the German Research Foundation.