彼得罗·彭波那齐

Agora

彼得罗·彭波那齐

1462–1525

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

理性无法证明灵魂在死后仍然存续；那是信仰的事——而无论如何，德性本身就应当为其自身而践行。

定位

文艺复兴与人文主义 · 南欧 · 心灵与意识, 宗教, 形而上学

帕多瓦的亚里士多德主义者：自然理性无法证明灵魂不朽——那只是信仰的事。

核心思想

按自然理性灵魂是有死的
美德自身即报偿
对奇迹的自然解释

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影响

受影响于 1

亚里士多德

受其影响
Pomponazzi asked what Aristotle’s philosophy, read on its own terms, says about the soul, and concluded that it cannot prove immortality (De immortalitate animae, 1516). P. Pomponazzi, Tractatus de immortalitate animae (1516); SEP “Pietro Pomponazzi”
依据: AI 草稿
亚里士多德 › 公元前384—前322年

批评

批评了 2

伊本·鲁世德（阿威罗伊）

批评了
Pomponazzi rejected Averroes’ single intellect for all humans as contrary to Aristotle and to experience, concluding that natural reason shows the soul to be mortal (1516). P. Pomponazzi, Tractatus de immortalitate animae (1516); SEP “Pietro Pomponazzi”
依据: AI 草稿
伊本·鲁世德（阿威罗伊） › 1126–1198
托马斯·阿奎那

批评了
Pomponazzi argued that Aquinas’ proof of the soul’s immortality from Aristotle fails, since on Aristotelian principles the human intellect always needs the body (De immortalitate animae, 1516). P. Pomponazzi, Tractatus de immortalitate animae (1516); SEP “Pietro Pomponazzi”
依据: AI 草稿
托马斯·阿奎那 › 约1225–1274年

作品

1516论灵魂不朽
依亚里士多德，灵魂是身体的形式，并与身体一同消亡；不朽是凭信仰而持守的。

立场

Pomponazzi asked what Aristotle’s philosophy, read on its own terms, says about the soul. Since the human intellect never thinks without images drawn from the senses, it depends on the body and, by natural reason, perishes with it. Immortality cannot be proved philosophically; it is held by faith alone, which he professed to accept. Nor does morality need rewards in an afterlife: virtue is its own reward, vice its own punishment. In later writings he explained apparent miracles and magic through natural causes and wrestled with fate and free will. His separation of philosophical argument from religious doctrine made him a central figure of Renaissance naturalism.

生平与背景

Pietro Pomponazzi was born in Mantua in 1462, studied philosophy and medicine at Padua and taught there, then in Ferrara and from 1511 in Bologna. His treatise on the immortality of the soul (1516) caused a storm: it was publicly burned in Venice and attacked by theologians, but he kept his chair, protected by powerful patrons such as Cardinal Pietro Bembo. He died in Bologna in 1525.