库诺·费舍

Agora

库诺·费舍

1824–1907

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

费舍认为，从笛卡尔到叔本华的近代哲学史是一个连贯的辩证发展过程，而不是一连串彼此分离的体系；特兰德伦堡对他关于康德空间学说的解读提出了异议。

定位

德国唯心主义及其后继者 · 东欧 · 认识论, 形而上学

耶拿和海德堡的哲学史家，狄尔泰、文德尔班、弗雷格和韦伯都听过他的课；他对康德的解读引发了与特兰德伦堡的长期争论，尼采读过他论斯宾诺莎的一卷。

核心思想

哲学史作为辩证的发展过程
康德的空间学说（受到特兰德伦堡的质疑）

学生: 威廉·狄尔泰, 戈特洛布·弗雷格, 威廉·文德尔班, 马克斯·韦伯

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影响

影响了 5

威廉·狄尔泰教过

教过
At Heidelberg Dilthey was introduced by Fischer to the idealist systems. SEP “Wilhelm Dilthey” (R. Makkreel), §1.2
依据: AI 草稿
威廉·狄尔泰 › 1833–1911
弗里德里希·尼采

影响了
In 1881 Nietzsche read Fischer’s volume on Spinoza and then named Spinoza a precursor in a postcard to Overbeck. R. de Pablos Escalante, Anales del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía 33 (2016), 137–161, citing T. Brobjer, Nietzsche’s Philosophical Context (2008)
依据: AI 草稿
弗里德里希·尼采 › 1844–1900
戈特洛布·弗雷格教过

教过
The only philosophy Frege heard at Jena was Fischer’s lecture course on Kant’s critical philosophy. M. Potter, “Introduction”, Cambridge Companion to Frege (2010), p. 1
依据: AI 草稿
戈特洛布·弗雷格 › 1848–1925
威廉·文德尔班教过

教过
Windelband attended Fischer’s lectures in Jena, and Fischer’s Kant scholarship shaped his work as a historian of philosophy. SEP “Wilhelm Windelband” (K. Kinzel), §1 and §2
依据: AI 草稿
威廉·文德尔班 › 1848–1915
马克斯·韦伯教过

教过
Weber counts Fischer among his teachers at Heidelberg (1882–84), alongside Knies, Bekker and Erdmannsdörffer. NDB “Weber, Max” (F. W. Graf, NDB 27, 2020, pp. 474–479; deutsche-biographie.de/sfz6881.html); Weber’s own record of his courses not checked
依据: AI 草稿
马克斯·韦伯 › 1864–1920

批评

相互批评 1

弗里德里希·阿道夫·特兰德伦堡 ⇄ 相互

批评了
Fischer answered Trendelenburg in 1870 with the Anti-Trendelenburg. Wikipedia, “Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg” (read)
依据: AI 草稿
受其批评
Trendelenburg attacked Fischer’s reading of Kant’s doctrine of space in Kuno Fischer and His Kant (1869). Wikipedia, “Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg” (read); Britannica and Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy entries report the same dispute
依据: AI 草稿
弗里德里希·阿道夫·特兰德伦堡 › 1802–1872

作品

1852近代哲学史
多卷本近代哲学史，从笛卡尔和培根，经莱布尼茨、康德、费希特和黑格尔，到叔本华，被当作辩证的发展过程来论述；其中论康德的一卷引发了与特兰德伦堡的争论。

立场

Fischer is on the map as a historian of philosophy whose lectures were heard by a whole circle of thinkers on the map. His History of Modern Philosophy, begun in 1852, follows philosophy from Descartes and Bacon through Leibniz, Kant, Fichte and Hegel to Schopenhauer as a dialectical development in the spirit of Hegel. Windelband attended his lectures in Jena, Frege heard his course on Kant’s critical philosophy there, and in Heidelberg Dilthey was introduced by him to the idealist systems and Max Weber heard him in the years 1882–84. His reading of Kant’s doctrine of space was attacked by Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg in Kuno Fischer and His Kant (1869) and answered by Fischer in the Anti-Trendelenburg (1870), a standard episode of nineteenth-century philosophy. Nietzsche read Fischer’s volume on Spinoza in 1881 and named Spinoza a precursor in a postcard to Overbeck.

生平与背景

Kuno Fischer was born on 23 July 1824 near Guhrau in Silesia. He studied philosophy, philology and theology in Leipzig and Halle from 1844, took his doctorate in 1847 with a dissertation on Plato’s Parmenides and habilitated in philosophy at Heidelberg in 1850. In 1853 his licence to teach was withdrawn over a charge of pantheism. He became professor in Jena in 1856, where he taught for sixteen years and was rector in 1862 and 1868, and in 1872 he returned to Heidelberg. He died there on 5 July 1907.