韩愈

Agora

韩愈

768–824

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

中国必须回到孔子和孟子的道德之道，这一道统由古代圣人传下来，并且要摒弃佛教和道教。

定位

东亚哲学 · 东亚 · 伦理学, 政治与法, 宗教

唐代的学者官员：他在《原道》中捍卫儒家之道以对抗佛教和道教，并追溯其经孟子的传承——是新儒学的先驱。

核心思想

道统
对佛教的批判
回到孟子

在星图中打开

影响

受影响于 2

孔子

受其影响
In ‘Essentials of the Way’ (Yuan Dao) Han Yu defined the Way by Confucius’ humaneness and righteousness and traced its transmission from the sage-kings through Confucius to Mencius. Han Yu, Yuan Dao; C. Hartman, Han Yü and the T’ang Search for Unity (1986)
依据: AI 草稿
孔子 › 相传公元前551—前479年
孟子

受其影响
Han Yu made Mencius the last bearer of the Way and in ‘Reading Xunzi’ judged him wholly pure, Xunzi and Yang Xiong pure with small flaws. Han Yu, Yuan Dao; Du Xunzi; C. Hartman, Han Yü and the T’ang Search for Unity (1986)
依据: AI 草稿
孟子 › 约公元前372—前289年年

批评

批评了 2

老子

批评了
Han Yu’s ‘Essentials of the Way’ (Yuan Dao) accused Laozi of belittling benevolence and righteousness and so emptying ‘the Way’ of its Confucian content. Han Yu, Yuan Dao; C. Hartman, Han Yü and the T’ang Search for Unity, 1986
依据: AI 草稿
老子 › 传说人物
乔达摩·悉达多（佛陀）

批评了
Han Yu attacked Buddhism as a foreign teaching that dissolves the bonds of ruler and subject, father and son (‘Memorial on the Buddha’s Bone’, 819; ‘Yuan Dao’). Han Yu, Lun Fogu biao (819); Yuan Dao; C. Hartman, Han Yü and the T’ang Search for Unity, 1986
依据: AI 草稿
乔达摩·悉达多（佛陀） › 约公元前480—前400年年 · 通行断代公元前563—前483年

作品

约805年原道
一篇将道界定为仁义的文章，并批评佛教和道教脱离家庭与国家。

立场

Han Yu led the “ancient prose” (guwen) movement and was a forerunner of Neo-Confucianism. In “Tracing the Way” he defined the Way as humaneness and rightness, lived in family and state, and attacked Buddhists and Daoists for abandoning ruler, father and work for private salvation. He traced a transmission of the Way from the sage-kings through Confucius to Mencius, after whom it was broken – implicitly casting himself as its restorer. He ranked Mencius above Xunzi and taught three grades of human nature. The Song Neo-Confucians took up his idea of a transmission of the Way (daotong) and his elevation of Mencius, though they found his own thought shallow.

生平与背景

Han Yu was born in 768 in Heyang (present-day Henan); orphaned early, he was raised by his elder brother’s family. He passed the jinshi examination in 792 and had a stormy official career. In 819 his memorial against honouring a relic of the Buddha so angered the emperor that he was banished to Chaozhou in the far south. Recalled in 820, he held high office until his death in 824.