Agora思想的公共广场

安提斯泰尼

约公元前445—前365年年

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

幸福只需要德性；财富、快乐和名声一文不值，而辛勤劳作本身就是一种善。

定位

古希腊哲学 · 南欧 · 伦理学, 语言

先师从高尔吉亚，后师从苏格拉底；后世视其为犬儒学派的创始人：美德足以使人幸福。

核心思想

  • 美德自足
  • 辛劳（ponos）为善
  • 对理念的批判

老师: 高尔吉亚, 苏格拉底

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影响

受影响于 2

  • 高尔吉亚 师从

    师从 后世传述

    Known only from later tradition (Diogenes Laertius 6.1), which ties it to the rhetorical style of his dialogues; the report may be an inference from that style. Diogenes Laertius 6.1

    依据: AI 草稿

    高尔吉亚 › 约公元前483—前376年年

  • 苏格拉底 师从

    师从 ✓

    Attested by contemporaries: Xenophon shows Antisthenes as a constant companion of Socrates (Memorabilia 3.11.17; Symposium), and Plato names him among those present at his death (Phaedo 59b). Xenophon, Memorabilia 3.11.17; Symposium 4.34–44, 8.4–6; Plato, Phaedo 59b

    依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata · InPhO

    苏格拉底 › 公元前470—前399年

影响了 1

  • 锡诺普的第欧根尼

    影响了 ✓

    According to Diogenes Laertius, Diogenes attached himself to Antisthenes in Athens and took up his ethics of self-sufficiency and toil; modern scholars doubt that they met. Diogenes Laertius VI.21; D. R. Dudley, A History of Cynicism (1937); IEP “Diogenes of Sinope”

    依据: 亦见于 Wikidata · Wikidata · InPhO

    锡诺普的第欧根尼 › 约公元前412—前323年年

批评

批评了 1

  • 柏拉图

    批评了

    Antisthenes rejected Plato’s Forms – he saw a horse but not ‘horseness’ – and mocked Plato in a dialogue called Sathon. Simplicius, In Categorias 208.28–32; Diogenes Laertius 3.35

    依据: AI 草稿

    柏拉图 › 公元前428—前348年

立场

Antisthenes took from Socrates the conviction that virtue alone suffices for happiness, needing nothing but the strength of a Socrates. Virtue can be taught and, once acquired, cannot be lost; pleasure, wealth and reputation count for little, while toil (ponos) trains the soul – Heracles was his model. He held that education begins with the examination of names, and he attacked Plato’s theory of Forms: in a well-known anecdote, he could see a horse but not “horseness”. Later tradition made him the founder of Cynicism and teacher of Diogenes, which modern scholars doubt. Through the Cynics his ideal of self-sufficiency reached the Stoics.

生平与背景

Antisthenes was born in Athens around 445 BCE; his mother is said to have been Thracian. He first studied rhetoric with Gorgias, then became one of the most devoted followers of Socrates and, according to Plato, was present at his death. Afterwards he taught at the Cynosarges gymnasium. Ancient lists record a great many writings, but only two short speeches survive.

主要作品

  • Ajax and Odysseus (two short speeches, early 4th century BCE)
  • Sathon (lost polemic against Plato, early 4th century BCE)

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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