Yi I

Agora

Yi I

1536–1584

Pierwsze przybliżeniecelowe uproszczenie – portret mówi więcej

Wszystkie nasze uczucia wyłaniają się z energii witalnej, a zasada tylko na niej „jedzie” – i ten pogląd powinien kierować praktyczną reformą państwa.

Umiejscowienie

Filozofia wschodnioazjatycka · Azja Wschodnia · Metafizyka, Etyka, Polityka i prawo

Koreański neokonfucjanista i reformator: wbrew Yi Hwangowi tylko siła materialna (qi) wydaje uczucia, a zasada (li) „jedzie” na niej.

Kluczowe idee

Qi wydaje, li jedzie
Spór cztery–siedem
Praktyczna reforma

Otwórz na mapie gwiazd

Wpływ

Pod wpływem 1

Zhu Xi

pod wpływem
Yi I (Yulgok) recast Zhu Xi’s theory of principle and material force as the idea that principle runs through all things while material force sets their limits (itong giguk; letters to Seong Hon, 1572). Yi I, letters to Seong Hon (1572); Seonghak jibyo (1575); E. Y. J. Chung, The Korean Neo-Confucianism of Yi T’oegye and Yi Yulgok (1995); M. C. Kalton et al., The Four-Seven Debate (1994)
Źródło: szkic AI
Zhu Xi › 1130–1200

Krytyka

Krytykuje 1

Yi Hwang

krytykuje
Yi I (Yulgok) rejected Yi Hwang’s view that principle (li) and material force (qi) each ‘issue’ feelings: only qi issues, with li riding upon it (Four–Seven Debate). Yi I, letters to Seong Hon (1572); M. Kalton et al., The Four-Seven Debate, 1994
Źródło: szkic AI
Yi Hwang › 1501–1570

Dzieła

1575Istota nauki mędrców (Seonghak jibyo)
Kompendium nauki neokonfucjańskiej dla króla Seonjo o samodoskonaleniu, rodzinie i rządzeniu.

Stanowisko

In the Four–Seven Debate on how Mencius’ four sprouts of virtue relate to the seven emotions, Yi Hwang had held that the four issue from principle (li) and the seven from material force (qi). In letters to Seong Hon from 1572, Yulgok replied that only qi can issue: li “rides” on it as its pattern, so there is only one path. The four sprouts are the good part of the seven emotions, not a separate source; li is universal, while qi particularises. He stressed sincerity and submitted bold reform memorials on taxation and administration. His school and Yi Hwang’s shaped Korean Neo-Confucianism, and its factions, for centuries.

Życie i kontekst

Yi I, known by his pen name Yulgok, was born in 1536 in Gangneung; his mother, Sin Saimdang, was a celebrated painter and poet. After her death he spent a year in a Buddhist monastery, which opponents later held against him. According to tradition he took first place in nine state examinations. He visited Yi Hwang in 1558, held high offices under King Seonjo and died in 1584.