Mary Wollstonecraft
Kobiety wydają się mniej racjonalne tylko dlatego, że odmawia się im wykształcenia; dajcie im taką samą naukę i takie same prawa jak mężczyznom.
Umiejscowienie
Filozofka polityczna rewolucyjnej dekady: po obronie Rewolucji Francuskiej przed Burkiem dowodziła w „Wołaniu o prawa kobiety” (1792), że kobietom brakuje nie rozumu, lecz wykształcenia.
Kluczowe idee
- Równe wykształcenie
- Prawa kobiety
Wpływ
Pod wpływem 2
John Locke
pod wpływem
Wollstonecraft built on Locke’s view that the mind is formed by experience and education, arguing women’s apparent weakness is an effect of their upbringing (Rights of Woman, 1792). M. Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792); SEP “Mary Wollstonecraft”
Źródło: szkic AI
John Locke › 1632–1704
Catharine Macaulay
pod wpływem
Wollstonecraft reviewed Macaulay’s Letters on Education (1790) and in the Rights of Woman (1792) took up her argument that both sexes should receive the same education. M. Wollstonecraft, review in the Analytical Review (Nov. 1790); A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792); C. Macaulay, Letters on Education (1790); SEP “Mary Wollstonecraft”
Źródło: szkic AI
Catharine Macaulay › 1731–1791
Wpływ na 1
Emma Goldman
wpływ na ✓
Goldman lectured on Wollstonecraft as a pioneer of women’s freedom whose life showed the price of defying convention (lecture c. 1911; publ. 1981). E. Goldman, “Mary Wollstonecraft, Her Tragic Life and Her Passionate Struggle for Freedom”, ed. A. Wexler, Feminist Studies 7 (1981)
Źródło: także w Wikidanych · Wikidata
Emma Goldman › 1869–1940
Krytyka
Krytykuje 2
Jean-Jacques Rousseau pod wpływem
pod wpływem
Wollstonecraft shared Rousseau’s critique of rank and luxury and his call for an education strengthening body and mind, but extended it to girls (Rights of Woman, 1792). M. Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792); SEP “Mary Wollstonecraft”
Źródło: szkic AI
krytykuje
Wollstonecraft attacked Rousseau’s Émile for training Sophie for dependence and pleasing men, insisting that women need the same rational education as men (Rights of Woman, 1792, ch. 5). M. Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), ch. 5; SEP “Mary Wollstonecraft”
Źródło: szkic AI
Jean-Jacques Rousseau › 1712–1778
Edmund Burke
krytykuje
Wollstonecraft answered Burke’s Reflections in A Vindication of the Rights of Men (1790), charging that his reverence for tradition defended property and privilege rather than liberty. M. Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Men (1790); SEP “Mary Wollstonecraft”
Źródło: szkic AI
Edmund Burke › 1729–1797
Dzieła
Równy rozum domaga się równego wykształcenia – wbrew Zofii Rousseau.
Stanowisko
Wollstonecraft applied the Enlightenment’s principles of reason and equal rights to women. Women appear weak, vain and dependent, she argued, not by nature but because they are educated to please men rather than to think. Since women possess reason and an immortal soul just as men do, they are entitled to the same education, to virtue grounded in understanding and to independence through work. Marriage should be a partnership between equals. First she defended the French Revolution against Edmund Burke, then turned the language of rights against Rousseau’s view of women. Her Vindication of the Rights of Woman is considered a founding text of modern feminism.
Życie i kontekst
Born in London in 1759, Mary Wollstonecraft supported herself as a companion, governess, school founder and finally as a writer and translator for the radical publisher Joseph Johnson. In 1792 she went to revolutionary Paris. In 1797 she married the philosopher William Godwin and died the same year, shortly after the birth of her daughter Mary, later the author of Frankenstein.
Dalsze główne dzieła
- Thoughts on the Education of Daughters (1787)
- A Vindication of the Rights of Men (1790)
- A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792)
- Letters Written in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark (1796)
Pojawia się w
- Podróż „Filozofia feministyczna” · Przystanek 3 z 11
Stan na listopad 2026 · Źródła · Ulepsz tę stronę · Jak powstaje Agora