थेल्स
प्रकृति की व्याख्या मिथकों से नहीं बल्कि प्रकृति से ही हो सकती है – और जल वह मूल पदार्थ है जिससे सब कुछ आता है।
पृष्ठभूमि
अरस्तू के समय से उन्हें यूनान का पहला दार्शनिक माना जाता है: उन्होंने संसार की व्याख्या मिथक के बजाय प्रकृति के आधार पर करने की कोशिश की।
मुख्य विचार
- जल आदिम पदार्थ के रूप में (आर्खे)
- मिथक के बजाय प्राकृतिक व्याख्या
शिष्य: अनेग्जीमेण्डर
प्रभाव
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 2
अनेग्जीमेण्डर जिन्हें पढ़ाया
जिन्हें पढ़ाया विवादित बाद की परंपरा ✓
Known only from later tradition – Theophrastus’ ‘successor and pupil of Thales’, preserved by Simplicius (In Physica 24.13), and the Ionian succession in Diogenes Laertius 1.13; the succession may be a later construction. Simplicius, In Physica 24.13 Diels (DK 12 A9, after Theophrastus); Diogenes Laertius 1.13
साक्ष्य: Wikidata में भी · Wikidata
अनेग्जीमेण्डर › लगभग 610–546 ईसा पूर्व
पूथागोरास
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया विवादित ✓
Iamblichus’ Life of Pythagoras says the aged Thales received the young Pythagoras and urged him to study in Egypt; the report is legendary and traces no doctrine. Iamblichus, On the Pythagorean Life; SEP “Pythagoras”
पूथागोरास › परंपरागत रूप से लगभग 570–495 ईसा पूर्व
मत
Thales is remembered as the first to ask what the world is ultimately made of and to answer without appealing to the gods of myth. According to Aristotle, he held that water is the origin (archē) of all things – perhaps because moisture is present in all life, in nourishment and in seeds. He is also said to have claimed that “all things are full of gods” and that the magnet has a soul, suggesting a living, self-moving nature. What mattered was less the answer than the method: a single natural principle, open to argument and correction. With him begins the Milesian tradition of natural philosophy.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Thales lived in Miletus, a wealthy Greek trading city on the coast of Asia Minor, in the early sixth century BCE. Later tradition credits him with predicting a solar eclipse (usually dated to 585 BCE), with theorems of geometry and with practical work in astronomy and engineering. He left no writings; we know of him through Aristotle and later reports.
इनमें आता है
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