शिनरान
कोई अपने प्रयास से मुक्ति नहीं पा सकता; वह पूरी तरह अमिदा बुद्ध पर भरोसे से आती है – और दुष्ट भी तर जाते हैं।
पृष्ठभूमि
सच्चे शुद्ध-भूमि बौद्ध धर्म के संस्थापक: कोई स्व-शक्ति बोध तक नहीं पहुँचाती – केवल अमिदा की “पर-शक्ति” पर स्वयं को सौंपना; दुष्ट भी तारे जाते हैं।
मुख्य विचार
- पर-शक्ति (तारिकी)
- समर्पण (शिनजिन)
- दुष्टों का उद्धार
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 2
नागार्जुन
जिनसे प्रभावित
Shinran honoured Nagarjuna as first of seven Pure Land masters and took from the ‘Chapter on Easy Practice’ ascribed to him the easy path of calling Amida’s name. Shinran, Kyōgyōshinshō, Shōshinge; D. Hirota et al. (tr.), The Collected Works of Shinran (1997)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
नागार्जुन › लगभग 150–250
वसुबन्धु
जिनसे प्रभावित
Shinran honoured Vasubandhu as second of the seven Pure Land masters and read the Treatise on the Pure Land ascribed to him as teaching single-hearted entrusting to Amida. Shinran, Kyōgyōshinshō, Shōshinge; Vasubandhu (attr.), Jingtu lun, with Tanluan’s commentary; D. Hirota et al. (tr.), The Collected Works of Shinran (1997)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
वसुबन्धु › लगभग 350–430
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 1
तानाबे हाजिमे
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
In Philosophy as Metanoetics (1946) Tanabe built on Shinran’s other-power: reason, having failed, passes through repentance (zange) and is reborn through a power not its own. Tanabe Hajime, Zangedō to shite no tetsugaku (1946), tr. Takeuchi Yoshinori, Philosophy as Metanoetics (1986); SEP “Tanabe Hajime”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
तानाबे हाजिमे › 1885–1962
कृतियाँ
शिनरान की मुख्य रचना, टीका सहित शास्त्र-अंशों का संकलन: बोध पूरी तरह अमिदा के संकल्प का उपहार है।
मत
Shinran radicalised Hōnen’s teaching. In the age of the decline of the Dharma, he held, no one can reach awakening by self-power (jiriki); birth in the Pure Land comes entirely from the other-power (tariki) of Amida Buddha’s vow to save all beings. Even the entrusting heart (shinjin) is Amida’s gift, and reciting the nembutsu becomes an expression of gratitude rather than a means. The Tannishō, compiled by his disciple Yuien, records his famous paradox: if even the good are born in the Pure Land, how much more the wicked, who know they cannot save themselves. His school became one of Japan’s largest; Tanabe later built his metanoetics on Shinran.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Born in 1173 near Kyoto into minor nobility, Shinran trained for some twenty years as a Tendai monk on Mount Hiei. In 1201 he became a disciple of Hōnen, who taught reliance on the nembutsu alone. When the court suppressed the movement in 1207, Shinran was defrocked and exiled to Echigo, where he married. After decades of teaching in eastern Japan he died in Kyoto in 1263.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Teaching, Practice, Faith and Realization (Kyōgyōshinshō, first draft traditionally dated 1224, revised later)
- Hymns of the Pure Land (Jōdo wasan, 1248)
- Lamenting the Deviations (Tannishō, late 13th century, recorded by his disciple Yuien)
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