شينران
لا يستطيع أحد أن ينال الخلاص بجهده؛ فهو يأتي كليًّا من الثقة بالبوذا أميدا – وحتى الأشرار يخلَّصون.
التموضع
مؤسس بوذية الأرض الطاهرة الحقيقية: لا قدرة ذاتية تقود إلى التنوّر – بل الاتكال على «القدرة الأخرى» لأميدا؛ وحتى الأشرار يُخلَّصون.
الأفكار الرئيسة
- القدرة الأخرى (تاريكي)
- الاتكال (شينجين)
- خلاص الأشرار
التأثير
تأثّر بـ 2
ناجارجونا
تأثّر بـ
Shinran honoured Nagarjuna as first of seven Pure Land masters and took from the ‘Chapter on Easy Practice’ ascribed to him the easy path of calling Amida’s name. Shinran, Kyōgyōshinshō, Shōshinge; D. Hirota et al. (tr.), The Collected Works of Shinran (1997)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
ناجارجونا › نحو 150–250
فاسوباندو
تأثّر بـ
Shinran honoured Vasubandhu as second of the seven Pure Land masters and read the Treatise on the Pure Land ascribed to him as teaching single-hearted entrusting to Amida. Shinran, Kyōgyōshinshō, Shōshinge; Vasubandhu (attr.), Jingtu lun, with Tanluan’s commentary; D. Hirota et al. (tr.), The Collected Works of Shinran (1997)
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
فاسوباندو › نحو 350–430
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هاجيمي تانابي
أثّر في
In Philosophy as Metanoetics (1946) Tanabe built on Shinran’s other-power: reason, having failed, passes through repentance (zange) and is reborn through a power not its own. Tanabe Hajime, Zangedō to shite no tetsugaku (1946), tr. Takeuchi Yoshinori, Philosophy as Metanoetics (1986); SEP “Tanabe Hajime”
التوثيق: مسودة بالذكاء الاصطناعي
هاجيمي تانابي › 1885–1962
الأعمال
العمل الرئيس لشينران، تجميع لمقاطع من النصوص المقدسة مع شرح: اليقظة هبة تامة من عهد أميدا.
الموقف
Shinran radicalised Hōnen’s teaching. In the age of the decline of the Dharma, he held, no one can reach awakening by self-power (jiriki); birth in the Pure Land comes entirely from the other-power (tariki) of Amida Buddha’s vow to save all beings. Even the entrusting heart (shinjin) is Amida’s gift, and reciting the nembutsu becomes an expression of gratitude rather than a means. The Tannishō, compiled by his disciple Yuien, records his famous paradox: if even the good are born in the Pure Land, how much more the wicked, who know they cannot save themselves. His school became one of Japan’s largest; Tanabe later built his metanoetics on Shinran.
الحياة والسياق
Born in 1173 near Kyoto into minor nobility, Shinran trained for some twenty years as a Tendai monk on Mount Hiei. In 1201 he became a disciple of Hōnen, who taught reliance on the nembutsu alone. When the court suppressed the movement in 1207, Shinran was defrocked and exiled to Echigo, where he married. After decades of teaching in eastern Japan he died in Kyoto in 1263.
أعمال رئيسة أخرى
- Hymns of the Pure Land (Jōdo wasan, 1248)
- Lamenting the Deviations (Tannishō, late 13th century, recorded by his disciple Yuien)
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