इब्न तुफैल
किसी द्वीप पर अकेले बड़ा होने वाला व्यक्ति केवल तर्क से सर्वोच्च सत्यों तक पहुँच सकता है – और उन्हें प्रकटित धर्म के अनुरूप पाएगा।
पृष्ठभूमि
अल-अंदलुस के चिकित्सक और वज़ीर: उनका दार्शनिक उपन्यास “हय्य इब्न यक़ज़ान” दिखाता है कि एक मनुष्य निर्जन द्वीप पर केवल तर्क से सत्य तक पहुँचता है।
मुख्य विचार
- परंपरा के बिना स्वाभाविक तर्क
- दर्शन और प्रकाशना का सामंजस्य
- दार्शनिक उपन्यास
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 3
अबू अली सीना
जिनसे प्रभावित
Ibn Tufayl took the name Hayy ibn Yaqzan from Avicenna’s allegory and presented his tale as unveiling the ‘Oriental philosophy’ Avicenna had mentioned. Ibn Tufayl, Hayy ibn Yaqzan, introduction, tr. L. E. Goodman (1972); SEP “Ibn Tufayl”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
अबू अली सीना › 980–1037
अल ग़ज़ाली
जिनसे प्रभावित
In the introduction to Hayy ibn Yaqzan Ibn Tufayl cited al-Ghazali’s mystical experience as a model, while noting that his popular and esoteric works contradict each other. Ibn Tufayl, Hayy ibn Yaqzan, introduction, tr. L. E. Goodman (1972); SEP “Ibn Tufayl”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
अल ग़ज़ाली › 1058–1111
इब्न बाजा
जिनसे प्रभावित
In the introduction to Hayy ibn Yaqzan Ibn Tufayl praised Ibn Bajja’s mind but held that he reached rational knowledge, not mystical experience, and left his works unfinished. Ibn Tufayl, Hayy ibn Yaqzan, introduction, tr. L. E. Goodman (1972); SEP “Ibn Tufayl”
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
इब्न बाजा › लगभग 1085–1138
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 1
इब्न रश्द
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया ✓
According to Averroes’ own account, preserved by al-Marrakushi, Ibn Tufayl introduced him to the caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf and prompted his commentaries on Aristotle. al-Marrakushi, al-Mujib (1224); L. E. Goodman, Ibn Tufayl’s Hayy Ibn Yaqzan (1972), introduction; SEP “Ibn Rushd [Averroes]”
साक्ष्य: Wikidata में भी · Wikidata
इब्न रश्द › 1126–1198
कृतियाँ
- लगभग 1175हय्य इब्न यक़ज़ान
एक द्वीप पर हिरनी द्वारा पाला गया बच्चा केवल तर्क से प्रकृति, ईश्वर और आत्मा की खोज करता है।
मत
Ibn Tufayl’s fame rests on one book, the philosophical novel Hayy ibn Yaqzan, “Alive, Son of Awake”. A child grows up alone on an island, nursed by a gazelle. When she dies, he dissects her body to find what has left it, and by observation and reflection rises step by step from nature to the soul, to a necessary Creator and finally to mystical vision. Later he meets Absal, who comes from a neighbouring island with a revealed religion, and they find that their truths agree. Yet their attempt to teach the people fails: most need symbols and laws. Translated into Latin in 1671, the book fascinated Enlightenment Europe.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Abu Bakr ibn Tufayl was born in the early twelfth century near Granada, probably in Guadix. He worked as a physician and as secretary to governors in al-Andalus and became court physician to the Almohad caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf in Marrakesh. There he introduced the young Averroes to the caliph and encouraged him to write commentaries on Aristotle. He died in Marrakesh in 1185.
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Hayy ibn Yaqzan (c. 1175; Latin translation Philosophus autodidactus, 1671)
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