拉比娅·阿达维娅
流传下来的归于她名下的言论教导说，爱上帝应当是为了上帝自身，而不是出于对地狱的恐惧或对天堂的希望。
定位
巴士拉的早期苏菲：爱上帝是为了上帝本身，而不是出于对地狱的恐惧或对天堂的希望。没有著作留存；她的箴言和祈祷由后世作者如阿塔尔所传。
核心思想
- 对上帝无私的爱
- 既不怕地狱也不盼天堂
- 禁欲与清贫
影响
影响了 1
安萨里
影响了
In the Book of Love of his Revival of the Religious Sciences al-Ghazali quoted and explained Rabia’s verses on the two kinds of love for God. al-Ghazali, Ihya ulum al-din, Kitab al-mahabba, tr. E. Ormsby, Love, Longing, Intimacy and Contentment (2011); M. Smith, Rabia the Mystic (1928)
依据: AI 草稿
安萨里 › 1058–1111
立场
Rabia stands at the origin of the Sufi doctrine of selfless love of God. The sayings ascribed to her turn the earlier asceticism of fear into a mysticism of love: she is said to have wanted to burn paradise and extinguish hell so that God might be worshipped for himself alone, neither from fear of punishment nor from hope of reward. Al-Ghazali quotes her in his “Revival of the Religious Sciences”, and later Sufis treat her as an authority. Because the sources are late and legendary, scholars read her as a figure of the tradition rather than a documented author; her influence, however, is historical.
生平与背景
Rabia al-Adawiyya (c. 714–801) lived in Basra in present-day Iraq. According to the hagiographical tradition, especially Attar’s “Memorial of the Saints” (early 13th century), she was born poor, sold into slavery, freed because of her piety and lived as an ascetic, refusing offers of marriage. No contemporary record of her exists, and the sayings, prayers and poems attributed to her were written down centuries later.
主要作品
- No writings survive; sayings and prayers transmitted in Attar’s Memorial of the Saints (Tadhkirat al-Awliya, c. 1220) and earlier Arabic sources
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