索菲·德·格鲁希

Agora

索菲·德·格鲁希

1764–1822

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

道德产生于我们与他人感同身受的天然能力，但只有在平等和公正的法律之下，它才会成熟为正义。

定位

经验主义、启蒙运动与自由主义 · 西欧 · 伦理学, 社会与历史, 政治与法

法国哲学家，亚当·斯密的译者：她随该译本一同出版的《论同情书简》把道德追溯到同情，并论证只有平等与公正的法律才能使它生长为正义。

核心思想

同情是道德之根
道德情感需要公正的制度
对斯密的翻译与批判

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影响

受影响于 1

让-雅克·卢梭

受其影响
Evelyn Forget reads Grouchy’s Letters on Sympathy (1798) as seeing Smith through Rousseau, notably in tying the growth of sympathy to Rousseauian ideas of education. S. de Grouchy, Lettres sur la sympathie (1798); E. L. Forget, “Cultivating Sympathy: Sophie Condorcet’s Letters on Sympathy”, Journal of the History of Economic Thought (2001)
依据: AI 草稿
让-雅克·卢梭 › 1712–1778

批评

批评了 1

亚当·斯密受其影响

受其影响
Grouchy translated Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments into French (1798), and her appended Letters on Sympathy accept his thesis that morality rests on sympathy. S. de Grouchy, tr., Théorie des sentiments moraux (1798), with Lettres sur la sympathie; ed. K. Brown, tr. J. E. McClellan III, Letters on Sympathy (2008)
依据: AI 草稿
批评了
Grouchy’s Letters on Sympathy (1798), appended to her translation of Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments, faulted Smith for not tracing sympathy to physical sensibility. S. de Grouchy, Lettres sur la sympathie (1798), Letter I; ed. K. Brown, tr. J. E. McClellan III, Letters on Sympathy (2008)
依据: AI 草稿
亚当·斯密 › 1723–1790

作品

1798论同情书简
附于她所译斯密著作之后的八封信：同情始于身体的痛苦与快乐，并需要平等与公正的法律才能成长为正义。

立场

The eight letters, addressed to her brother-in-law the physician Cabanis, agree with Smith that morality rests on sympathy but ask what Smith did not: where sympathy comes from. Grouchy traces it to bodily experience – the infant’s dependence on those who relieve its pain – and to the reflection that extends this feeling to all sentient beings. Moral ideas of justice and the good then arise from sympathy refined by reason. Unlike Smith, she draws political conclusions: sympathy is distorted by inequality, so that the rich cannot feel with the poor, and it must be supported by just laws, education and the reduction of inequality. She rejects the impartial spectator as a sufficient standard.

生平与背景

Sophie de Grouchy (1764–1822), from a Norman noble family, married the mathematician and philosopher Condorcet in 1786 and kept one of the most important salons of the Revolution. After Condorcet was outlawed in 1793 she divorced him to protect their property, supported herself by painting and, after his death in prison, edited his works. Her translation of Adam Smith’s “Theory of Moral Sentiments” appeared in 1798 with her own “Letters on Sympathy”.