Agora思想的公共广场

塔利娅·梅·贝切尔

约1966年年生

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

跨性别者对自己的性别拥有第一人称的权威：“身体错位”的说法无法概括跨性别者的经验，而对跨性别者的恐惧和敌意往往通过把他们塑造成骗子或假装者而起作用。

定位

分析哲学 · 社会与历史, 形而上学, 伦理学, 语言, 性别与女性主义

帮助将跨性别哲学确立为一个领域的哲学家，现任教于滑铁卢大学：跨性别恐惧把跨性别者描绘成“欺骗者”或“假扮者”；无论是“错误的身体”模型，还是“超越二元”都不适合跨性别者的生活——在跨性别社群中，“女人”理所当然地包括跨性别女性，而她主张应当以这种含义，而不是以占主导地位的含义，来引导我们。

核心思想

  • 邪恶的欺骗者与假扮者
  • 对“错误的身体”模型的批判
  • “女人”的多重含义
  • 第一人称权威

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影响

受影响于 1

  • 玛丽亚·卢戈内斯

    受其影响

    Bettcher used Lugones’s idea of multiple ‘worlds’ to argue that in trans communities ‘woman’ applies to trans women without qualification (2013; ‘Trapped in the Wrong Theory’, 2014). T. M. Bettcher, “Trans Women and the Meaning of ‘Woman’”, in A. Soble, N. Power and R. Halwani (eds.), The Philosophy of Sex (6th ed., 2013); “Trapped in the Wrong Theory”, Signs 39 (2014); M. Lugones, “Playfulness, ‘World’-Travelling, and Loving Perception”, Hypatia 2 (1987); SEP “Feminist Perspectives on Trans Issues”

    依据: AI 草稿

    玛丽亚·卢戈内斯 › 1944–2020

立场

Bettcher’s early work was on George Berkeley’s theory of the self, but she is best known for helping to establish trans philosophy: philosophy done from trans perspectives and in the service of trans lives. “Evil Deceivers and Make-Believers” analyses transphobic violence. Dominant culture treats gender presentation as a communication of genital status, so trans people are cast either as “deceivers”, if their trans status is unknown, or as “make-believers”, if it is known – a double bind that is used to excuse violence against them. “Trapped in the Wrong Theory” criticises both the medical “wrong body” model, on which a trans person has an inner gender identity at odds with their body, and the “beyond the binary” model, which treats trans people as transcending gender; neither, she argues, does justice to the many trans people – especially trans women – who understand themselves as women or as men. Drawing on María Lugones’s idea of multiple worlds, she argues that “woman” has more than one meaning: in trans communities it is used in a way on which trans women are women without qualification, and trans people have first-person authority over their gender. “Beyond Personhood” develops a theory of “interpersonal spatiality” – of intimacy and distance between people – which, she argues, explains trans oppression and gender dysphoria better than the concepts of person, self and subject.

生平与背景

Talia Mae Bettcher (born 1966) is a trans woman and a leading figure in trans philosophy. She studied philosophy at York University in Toronto and at the University of Washington and took her doctorate at the University of California, Los Angeles, in 1999 with a dissertation on Berkeley and Hume on the self. From 2000 she taught at California State University, Los Angeles, where she chaired the philosophy department and directed the Center for the Study of Genders and Sexualities. In 2026 she moved to the University of Waterloo in Canada as the inaugural Eddie Goldenberg Research Chair in Gender-Based Violence Prevention and Trans Community Resilience. She wrote the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on feminist perspectives on trans issues.

主要作品

  • Evil Deceivers and Make-Believers (2007)
  • Berkeley’s Philosophy of Spirit (2007)
  • Feminist Perspectives on Trans Issues (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2009)
  • Trapped in the Wrong Theory (2014)
  • Beyond Personhood (2025)

出现在

来源: Wikipedia · Wikidata

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