迷途之光——因其作为纳粹主义意识形态鼓吹者的影响而列入星图，作为批判的对象。

阿尔弗雷德·博伊姆勒

1887–1968

初步了解有意简化——人物介绍讲得更多

在博伊姆勒看来，尼采是一种英雄式、好战的现实主义的政治哲学家——这一解读使尼采可为纳粹所用，今天被视为歪曲。

定位

政治哲学与伦理学（20—21世纪） · 东欧 · 政治与法, 美学

德国哲学家，曾研究康德美学；1931年他把尼采描绘为未来帝国的“哲学家与政治家”，1933年起任柏林政治教育学教授并在罗森堡办公室任职；作为批判对象列入本图。

核心思想

把尼采读作政治哲学家（歪曲性的解读）
英雄现实主义
纳粹时期的政治教育学
康德的《判断力批判》及其历史

在星图中打开

影响

受影响于 2

约翰·雅各布·巴霍芬

受其影响
Baeumler, later a Nazi philosopher, presented Bachofen as mythologist of Romanticism and of a chthonic world before reason (1926); Thomas Mann criticised it as reactionary (Pariser Rechenschaft, 1926). A. Baeumler, “Bachofen der Mythologe der Romantik”, introduction to M. Schröter (ed.), Der Mythus von Orient und Occident (1926); T. Mann, Pariser Rechenschaft (1926)
依据: AI 草稿
约翰·雅各布·巴霍芬 › 1815–1887
弗里德里希·尼采

受其影响
Baeumler appropriated Nietzsche for National Socialism, recasting the will to power as heroic realism (Nietzsche, der Philosoph und Politiker, 1931) – a reading scholarship treats as distortion. A. Baeumler, Nietzsche, der Philosoph und Politiker (1931); M. Montinari, “Nietzsche zwischen Alfred Baeumler und Georg Lukács” (1982); S. E. Aschheim, The Nietzsche Legacy in Germany 1890–1990 (1992)
依据: AI 草稿
弗里德里希·尼采 › 1844–1900

批评

受批评于 2

格奥尔格·卢卡奇

受其批评
Lukács treated Baeumler’s heroic-political reading of Nietzsche (Nietzsche, der Philosoph und Politiker, 1931) as an example of the fascist appropriation of irrationalism (Die Zerstörung der Vernunft, 1954). G. Lukács, Die Zerstörung der Vernunft (1954); A. Baeumler, Nietzsche, der Philosoph und Politiker (1931)
依据: AI 草稿
格奥尔格·卢卡奇 › 1885–1971
马丁·海德格尔

受其批评
In his Nietzsche lectures (1936–37) Heidegger rejected Baeumler’s claim that the doctrine of eternal recurrence is unimportant beside the will to power (Nietzsche I, 1961). M. Heidegger, Nietzsche I (1961; lectures 1936–37); A. Baeumler, Nietzsche, der Philosoph und Politiker (1931)
依据: AI 草稿
马丁·海德格尔 › 1889–1976

作品

1931尼采：哲学家与政治家
把尼采读作英雄式政治现实主义和权力意志的哲学家，并把永恒轮回搁置一旁——这是纳粹挪用尼采的主要学术文本。

立场

Baeumler is on the map as an ideologue because the history of Nietzsche’s reception treats him as the main academic author of the National Socialist reading. He presented Nietzsche as a philosopher of the will to power understood as a heroic, warlike “realism” and of a coming Germanic Reich, and declared the doctrine of eternal recurrence unimportant for the system – a step that made the work politically usable. Heidegger objected in his Nietzsche lectures of 1936–37 that the recurrence cannot be set aside; Georg Lukács (1954) treated Baeumler’s book as a document of fascist irrationalism, although he himself read Nietzsche as a forerunner of fascism. Mazzino Montinari’s essay “Nietzsche between Alfred Baeumler and Georg Lukács” (1982) showed that both readings rested on the compilation “The Will to Power” and on selective quotation. Baeumler’s earlier work on the history of Kant’s aesthetics is still cited in Kant scholarship.

生平与背景

Alfred Baeumler was born on 19 November 1887 in Neustadt an der Tafelfichte in northern Bohemia. He studied in Munich, Bonn and Berlin and took his doctorate in Munich with a thesis on Kant’s aesthetics; after service in the First World War he published “Kant’s Critique of Judgement: Its History and Systematics” (1923) and an influential introduction to Bachofen (1926). He taught at the Technical University of Dresden, where he became professor in 1929. In 1930 he edited Nietzsche’s works for the Kröner publishing house, and in 1931 he published “Nietzsche, Philosopher and Politician”. Close to Alfred Rosenberg’s Kampfbund für deutsche Kultur, he joined the NSDAP in 1933 and received the new chair of political pedagogy in Berlin; on 10 May 1933 he addressed students before the book burning. He later headed the science office in the Amt Rosenberg. After 1945 he was interned until 1948 and did not return to a university post. He died in Eningen near Reutlingen on 19 March 1968.

其他主要作品

Kant’s Critique of Judgement: Its History and Systematics (Kants Kritik der Urteilskraft. Ihre Geschichte und Systematik, 1923)
The Myth of Orient and Occident (introduction to Bachofen, 1926)
Nietzsche, Philosopher and Politician (Nietzsche, der Philosoph und Politiker, 1931)
Men’s League and Science (Männerbund und Wissenschaft, 1934)