Aurobindo Ghose
Duch ewoluuje przez materię i życie ku wyższej świadomości, a joga jest drogą do uczestniczenia w tej ewolucji.
Umiejscowienie
Rewolucjonista walczący o niepodległość Indii, później jogin w Pondicherry: integralna wedanta, w której duch ewoluuje poprzez materię ku „nadumysłowej” (supramentalnej) świadomości.
Kluczowe idee
- Joga integralna
- Ewolucja duchowa
- Nadumysł (Supermind)
Wpływ
Pod wpływem 1
Yajnavalkya
pod wpływem
The link runs through the Upanishads, in which Yajnavalkya’s teaching is preserved: Aurobindo read them as a philosophy of the One becoming the world (The Life Divine, 1939–40). Sri Aurobindo, The Life Divine (1939–40); Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, tr. P. Olivelle, Upanisads (1996)
Źródło: szkic AI
Yajnavalkya › według tradycji ok. 800–720 p.n.e.
Krytyka
Krytykuje 1
Adi Śankara
krytykuje
Aurobindo rejected Shankara’s doctrine of maya: the world is not an illusion to be left behind but a real manifestation of the Divine (The Life Divine, 1939–40). Sri Aurobindo, The Life Divine (1939–40), I.3 ‘The Refusal of the Ascetic’, II.6 ‘Reality and the Cosmic Illusion’
Źródło: szkic AI
Adi Śankara › ok. 700–750 · datowane umownie 788–820
Dzieła
Duch zanurzony w materii ewoluuje przez życie i umysł ku boskiemu życiu na ziemi.
Stanowisko
Aurobindo read the Vedanta as a philosophy of evolution. Against the classical view, above all Shankara’s, that the world is ultimately illusion, he held that spirit has involved itself in matter and is now slowly unfolding through life and mind. Humanity is therefore not the end of evolution but a transitional stage: beyond the mind lies a “supramental” consciousness that could transform life on earth itself. His “integral yoga” seeks not escape from the world but the transformation of the whole person, body included. Aurobindo combined Indian spiritual traditions with Western ideas of development and influenced religious thought in India and beyond.
Życie i kontekst
Aurobindo Ghose was born in Calcutta in 1872 and educated in England from the age of seven, finally at Cambridge. Back in India he served the state of Baroda, then became a leading voice of radical nationalism in Bengal. Imprisoned in 1908 and acquitted a year later, he withdrew in 1910 to French Pondicherry, where an ashram grew around him. He died there in 1950.
Dalsze główne dzieła
- The Synthesis of Yoga (1914–1921)
- Essays on the Gita (1922)
- Savitri (1950–1951)
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