ईव कोसोफ़्स्की सेजविक

कृतियाँ

• 1985बिटवीन मेन: अंग्रेज़ी साहित्य और पुरुष समजातीय-सामाजिक कामना

  शेक्सपियर के सॉनेट से डिकेंस तक पाठ: पुरुषों के बीच बंधन प्रायः कामुक त्रिकोणों में एक स्त्री के माध्यम से बनते हैं, और आधुनिक पश्चिमी संस्कृति में समलैंगिकता-भय पुरुष समजातीय-सामाजिक और समलैंगिक कामना के सातत्य को काट देता है – एक व्यवस्था जो स्त्रियों की अधीनता से जुड़ी है।

• 1990क्लोज़ेट की ज्ञानमीमांसा

  मेल्विल, वाइल्ड, नीत्शे, हेनरी जेम्स और प्रूस्त के पाठ: उन्नीसवीं सदी के अंत से समलैंगिकता और विषमलैंगिकता की परिभाषा आधुनिक पश्चिमी संस्कृति की श्रेणियों – गोपनीयता और प्रकटीकरण, निजी और सार्वजनिक, ज्ञान और अज्ञान – को आकार देती है, और क्लोज़ेट उसकी परिभाषक संरचना है।

• 2003टचिंग फ़ीलिंग: भाव, शिक्षा-पद्धति, निष्पादनात्मकता

  भाव पर निबंध, सबसे बढ़कर मनोवैज्ञानिक सिल्वन टॉम्किन्स के साथ लज्जा पर, ऑस्टिन के निष्पादनात्मक कथनों के इर्द-गिर्द “परि-निष्पादनात्मक” कथनों पर और बौद्ध शिक्षा-पद्धति पर; “संशयात्मक पाठ और मरम्मतकारी पाठ” आलोचकों से कहता है कि वे केवल संदेह और उद्घाटन के ढंग में न पढ़ें।

मत

Sedgwick is on the map as one of the founders of queer theory. “Between Men” (1985) took up René Girard’s erotic triangle and Gayle Rubin’s analysis of the “traffic in women” to show how bonds between men in English literature from Shakespeare to Dickens are formed through women: “homosocial” desire – friendship, rivalry, mentorship – lies on a continuum with homosexual desire that modern Western culture cuts with homophobia, and this arrangement is bound up with the subordination of women. “Epistemology of the Closet” (1990) argued, taking up Foucault, that the definition of people as homosexual or heterosexual, fixed around 1900, structures far more than sexuality – oppositions such as secrecy and disclosure, private and public, knowledge and ignorance – and that the closet is the defining structure of gay oppression in the twentieth century. She distinguished “minoritising” views, for which homosexuality concerns a distinct minority, from “universalising” views, for which it concerns the sexuality of everyone, and held that the two stand in unresolved conflict in modern culture; her first axiom was simply that “people are different from each other”. In “Touching Feeling” (2003) she turned to affect, above all shame, drawing on the psychologist Silvan Tomkins, and, with Melanie Klein, contrasted “paranoid” reading, which seeks to expose hidden violence, with “reparative” reading. Annamarie Jagose (1996) and later introductions count her, with Butler and Teresa de Lauretis, among the founders of queer theory; the turn to reparative reading has been widely taken up and also discussed critically (for example by R. Wiegman, Feminist Theory, 2014).

जीवन और संदर्भ

Eve Kosofsky was born on 2 May 1950 in Dayton, Ohio. She studied at Cornell University (BA 1971) and at Yale, where she took her doctorate in English in 1975 with a thesis on the conventions of the Gothic novel, published in 1980. She taught at Hamilton College, Boston University and Amherst College, from 1988 at Duke University and from 1998 at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York as Distinguished Professor of English. In the late 1980s and the 1990s her books, together with those of Judith Butler and others, made queer theory a field of research in the humanities. In 1991 she was diagnosed with breast cancer; she wrote about illness, therapy and Buddhism in “A Dialogue on Love” (1999) and in essays, and also published poetry. She died in New York on 12 April 2009.

अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ

• The Coherence of Gothic Conventions (1980)
• Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire (1985)
• Epistemology of the Closet (1990)
• Tendencies (1993)
• Performativity and Performance (ed. with A. Parker, 1995)
• Shame and Its Sisters: A Silvan Tomkins Reader (ed. with A. Frank, 1995)
• A Dialogue on Love (1999)
• Touching Feeling: Affect, Pedagogy, Performativity (2003)
• The Weather in Proust (posthumous, ed. J. Goldberg, 2011)