गंगेश उपाध्याय
दार्शनिक तर्कों को एक सटीक तकनीकी भाषा चाहिए, और उन्होंने ऐसी भाषा इतनी यथार्थ बनाई कि भारतीय चिंतक सदियों तक उसमें तर्क करते रहे।
पृष्ठभूमि
नव्य-न्याय के संस्थापक, मिथिला का “नया तर्कशास्त्र”: विशेषणों और अवच्छेदकों की एक सटीक तकनीकी भाषा, जिसमें भारतीय दर्शन ने आगामी सदियों तक तर्क किया।
मुख्य विचार
- नव्य-न्याय
- व्याप्ति का विश्लेषण
- अवच्छेदकों की तकनीकी भाषा
प्रभाव
जिनसे प्रभावित 2
अक्षपाद गौतम
जिनसे प्रभावित
Gangesha’s Jewel of Reflection on Reality (Tattvacintamani) is arranged by the four means of knowledge of the Nyaya-sutra: perception, inference, comparison and testimony. Gangesha, Tattvacintamani; K. H. Potter & S. Bhattacharyya (eds.), Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies VI (1993)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
अक्षपाद गौतम › लगभग 120–190
उदयनाचार्य
जिनसे प्रभावित
Gangesha built on Udayana’s synthesis of Nyaya and Vaisheshika and took up his proofs of God in the Tattvacintamani, the founding text of Navya-Nyaya. Gangesha, Tattvacintamani; K. H. Potter & S. Bhattacharyya (eds.), Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies VI (1993)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
उदयनाचार्य › लगभग 950–1020
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया 1
बिमल कृष्ण माटीलाल
जिन्हें प्रभावित किया
Matilal’s The Navya-Nyaya Doctrine of Negation (1968) analysed the theory of absence in the school founded by Gangesha, using modern logic. B. K. Matilal, The Navya-Nyaya Doctrine of Negation (1968)
साक्ष्य: AI मसौदा
बिमल कृष्ण माटीलाल › 1935–1991
कृतियाँ
- लगभग 1325तत्त्वचिन्तामणि
नव्य-न्याय का आधार-ग्रंथ, चार प्रमाणों के अनुसार संगठित; उसकी तकनीकी भाषा ने सदियों तक भारतीय विद्वत्ता को आकार दिया।
मत
The Tattvacintamani is arranged by the four means of knowledge – perception, inference, comparison and testimony – but its centre is inference. Gangesha tested many definitions of pervasion (vyapti), the invariable relation between reason and inferred property, rejecting them one by one before giving his own. To do so he refined a technical language of qualifiers, qualificands, relations and “limitors” (avacchedaka) that could state exactly which property, under which description and in which relation, is meant. He defended Nyaya realism against the Advaitin critic Shriharsha and against Prabhakara Mimamsa. Raghunatha Shiromani and the logicians of Navadvipa in Bengal carried his method on; it became the shared language of Indian scholarship.
जीवन और संदर्भ
Gangesha Upadhyaya lived in Mithila in northern Bihar, the old centre of Nyaya learning, probably in the first half of the 14th century. Almost nothing else is known of his life; later stories about his youth are legendary. His son Vardhamana wrote commentaries on Udayana’s works. With a single great work, the Tattvacintamani, Gangesha founded the “new” Nyaya (Navya-Nyaya).
अन्य प्रमुख कृतियाँ
- Jewel of Reflection on the Truth (Tattvacintamani, c. 1325)
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